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arXiv 2112.05985math-phmath.MPnlin.PSnlin.SI
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聚焦非线性薛定谔方程的孤子屏蔽

Soliton shielding of the focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

Marco Bertola, Tamara Grava, Giuseppe Orsatti

AI总结:

研究了聚焦非线性薛定谔方程在 $N\to\infty$ 极限下的孤子气体,发现当点谱位于圆盘或椭圆区域时,会出现孤子屏蔽效应,使系统退化为单孤子解或焦点间的密度,且该现象在随机孤子气体中依然成立。

摘要:

我们首先考虑在 $N\to\infty$ 极限下,聚焦非线性薛定谔(FNLS)方程的 $N$ 个孤子的确定性气体,其点谱的选择旨在对复谱平面的有界域上给定的谱孤子密度进行插值。我们证明,当该区域为圆盘且孤子密度为解析函数时,相应的确定性孤子气体令人惊讶地退化为点谱为圆盘中心的单孤子解。我们将此效应称为“孤子屏蔽”。我们表明该行为具有鲁棒性,且在随机孤子气体中依然存在:实际上,当 $N$ 个孤子谱被选为圆周上均匀分布的随机变量,或根据 Ginibre 随机矩阵特征值的统计特性选取时,孤子屏蔽现象在 $N\to\infty$ 极限下依然存在。当区域为椭圆时,孤子屏蔽将谱数据简化为集中在椭圆焦点之间的孤子密度。其物理解在渐近上呈阶梯状振荡,即初始轮廓在负 $x$ 方向为周期性椭圆函数,而在相反方向呈指数级快速衰减。

英文摘要:

We first consider a deterministic gas of $N$ solitons for the Focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger (FNLS) equation in the limit $N\to\infty$ with a point spectrum chosen to interpolate a given spectral soliton density over a bounded domain of the complex spectral plane. We show that when the domain is a disk and the soliton density is an analytic function, then the corresponding deterministic soliton gas surprisingly yields the one-soliton solution with point spectrum the center of the disk. We call this effect {\it soliton shielding}. We show that this behaviour is robust and survives also for a {\it stochastic} soliton gas: indeed, when the $N$ soliton spectrum is chosen as random variables either uniformly distributed on the circle, or chosen according to the statistics of the eigenvalues of the Ginibre random matrix the phenomenon of soliton shielding persists in the limit $N\to \infty$. When the domain is an ellipse, the soliton shielding reduces the spectral data to the soliton density concentrating between the foci of the ellipse. The physical solution is asymptotically step-like oscillatory, namely, the initial profile is a periodic elliptic function in the negative $x$--direction while it vanishes exponentially fast in the opposite direction.

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