单光子生物认证中的量子优势
Quantum advantage in biometric authentication with single photons
摘要：
最近有人提出利用人类视觉系统的能力，以执行有效的光子计数，以设计一种新的生物测定方法。相关的生物特征指纹由光沿着从角膜到视网膜的几个不同路径所遭受的光学损失来表示。通过询问受试者是否感知到包含几十个光子的微弱闪光来访问指纹，使得受试者的视觉系统在感知阈值下工作，在该阈值下，光学损失起重要作用。在这里，我们表明，如果我们使用量子光源，特别是单光子源，而不是弱激光脉冲，我们获得了量子优势，这转化为实现所需性能所需的资源的减少。除了在生物识别方面的特殊应用外，我们的工作进一步证明了量子光源在研究人类视觉时可以提供更深入的见解。
英文摘要：
It was recently proposed to use the human visual system's ability to perform efficient photon counting in order to devise a new biometric methodology. The relevant biometric fingerprint is represented by the optical losses light suffers along several different paths from the cornea to the retina. The fingerprint is accessed by interrogating a subject on perceiving or not weak light flashes, containing few tens of photons, so that the subject's visual system works at the threshold of perception, at which regime optical losses play a significant role. Here we show that if instead of weak laser light pulses we use quantum light sources, in particular single photon sources, we obtain a quantum advantage, which translates into a reduction of the resources required to achieve a desired performance. Besides the particular application on biometrics, our work further demonstrates that quantum light sources can provide deeper insights when studying human vision.
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