利用引力波和发射谱线精确测量双星黑洞的形成通道
Towards a Precision Measurement of Binary Black Holes Formation Channels Using Gravitational Waves and Emission Lines
摘要：
致密天体--中子星、黑洞和超大质量黑洞--的形成及其与星系化学成分的联系是天体物理学的中心问题之一。我们提出了一种新的数据驱动，多信使技术来解决这个问题，利用引力波和原子/分子发射线信号之间的必然相关性。对于时间延迟的置信概率分布函数$p(t_d)\propto t_d^{-κ}$，该方法可以提供$0.5$ Gyr和幂律指数$κ=1$的最小延迟时间的测量，标准差分别为$0.12$（和$0.45$）和$0.06$（和$0.34$），分别来自五年的LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA观测与SPHEEx线强度映射（和DESI发射线星系）。这种测量将提供数据驱动的多信使的延迟时间分布的限制，这是目前不为人所知。
英文摘要：
The formation of compact objects-neutron stars, black holes, and supermassive black holes-and its connection to the chemical composition of the galaxies is one of the central questions in astrophysics. We propose a novel data-driven, multi-messenger technique to address this question by exploiting the inevitable correlation between gravitational waves and atomic/molecular emission line signals. For a fiducial probability distribution function $p(t_d)\propto t_d^{-κ}$ of time delays, this method can provide a measurement of the minimum delay time of $0.5$ Gyr and the power-law index $κ=1$ with a standard deviation $0.12$ (and $0.45$) and $0.06$ (and $0.34$), respectively from five years of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observation in synergy with SPHEREx line intensity mapping (and DESI emission-line galaxies). Such measurements will provide data-driven multi-messenger constraints on the delay time distribution which is currently not well known.
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