手性分子对映选择性态转移的循环三能级脉冲面积定理
Cyclic three-level-pulse-area theorem for enantioselective state transfer of chiral molecules
摘要：
我们推导了一个循环三能级系统的脉冲面积定理，该系统是探索三个线性极化微波脉冲驱动的手性分子中的对映选择性态转移（ESST）的原型模型。通过将闭环激励分为两个独立的阶段，我们得到了三个控制场的幅值和相位条件，以产生高保真的ESST。作为一个证明的原则，我们应用这个脉冲面积定理环己基甲醇分子（$\text{C}_{7}\text{H}_{14}\text{O}$），其中三个旋转状态连接的$a$型，$b$型，和$c$型组件的过渡偶极矩在中心频率共振和失谐条件。我们的研究结果表明，具有相反的手性的两个对映体可以转移到不同的目标状态，通过设计三个微波脉冲，满足振幅和相位条件的过渡频率。相应的控制方案对两级之间的时间延迟是鲁棒的。我们建议，在第二阶段中使用的两个控制字段应同时应用于实际应用。这项工作为量子控制领域提供了另一个脉冲面积定理，该定理有可能确定混合物中对映体的手性。
英文摘要：
We derive a pulse-area theorem for a cyclic three-level system, an archetypal model for exploring enantioselective state transfer (ESST) in chiral molecules driven by three linearly polarized microwave pulses. By dividing the closed-loop excitation into two separate stages, we obtain both amplitude and phase conditions of three control fields to generate high fidelity of ESST. As a proof of principle, we apply this pulse-area theorem to the cyclohexylmethanol molecules ($\text{C}_{7}\text{H}_{14}\text{O}$), for which three rotational states are connected by the $a$-type, $b$-type, and $c$-type components of the transition dipole moments in both center-frequency resonant and detuned conditions. Our results show that two enantiomers with opposite handedness can be transferred to different target states by designing three microwave pulses that satisfy the amplitude and phase conditions at the transition frequencies. The corresponding control schemes are robust against the time delays between the two stages. We suggest that the two control fields used in the second stage should be applied simultaneously for practical applications. This work contributes an alternative pulse-area theorem to the field of quantum control, which has the potential to determine the chirality of enantiomers in a mixture.
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