arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
北美退伍军人节(Veterans Day),12 日无更新
arXiv 2109.13396cs.ROcs.AI
收藏

Bridge Data:利用跨领域数据集促进机器人技能的泛化

Bridge Data: Boosting Generalization of Robotic Skills with Cross-Domain Datasets

University of California Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学);Stanford University(斯坦福大学)

Frederik Ebert, Yanlai Yang, Karl Schmeckpeper, Bernadette Bucher, Georgios Georgakis, Kostas Daniilidis, Chelsea Finn, Sergey Levine

摘要:

机器人学习有望实现广泛推广的学习策略。然而,这种泛化需要足够多样的感兴趣任务的数据集,这可能是非常昂贵的收集。在其他领域,如计算机视觉,它是常见的利用共享,可重用的数据集,如ImageNet,以克服这一挑战,但这已被证明是困难的机器人。在本文中,我们提出了一个问题:如何在机器人技术中实现实际的数据重用,以实现端到端的技能学习?我们假设,关键是使用具有多个任务和多个域的数据集,以便希望训练他们的机器人在新域中执行新任务的新用户可以将此数据集包括在他们的训练过程中,并受益于跨任务和跨领域泛化。为了评估这一假设,我们收集了一个大型的多领域和多任务数据集,其中包括7,200个演示,包括10个环境中的71个任务,并实证研究这些数据如何改善新环境中新任务的学习。我们发现,与单独使用目标领域数据相比,使用建议的数据集和50个新领域中从未见过的任务的演示进行联合训练,平均成功率提高了2倍。我们还发现,在一个新的域中,只有少数任务的数据可以弥合域的差距,使机器人能够执行各种以前的任务,只有在其他域中看到。这些结果表明,重用不同的多任务和多领域数据集,包括我们的开源数据集,可能会为更广泛的机器人泛化铺平道路,消除为每个新的机器人学习项目重新收集数据的需要。

英文摘要:

Robot learning holds the promise of learning policies that generalize broadly. However, such generalization requires sufficiently diverse datasets of the task of interest, which can be prohibitively expensive to collect. In other fields, such as computer vision, it is common to utilize shared, reusable datasets, such as ImageNet, to overcome this challenge, but this has proven difficult in robotics. In this paper, we ask: what would it take to enable practical data reuse in robotics for end-to-end skill learning? We hypothesize that the key is to use datasets with multiple tasks and multiple domains, such that a new user that wants to train their robot to perform a new task in a new domain can include this dataset in their training process and benefit from cross-task and cross-domain generalization. To evaluate this hypothesis, we collect a large multi-domain and multi-task dataset, with 7,200 demonstrations constituting 71 tasks across 10 environments, and empirically study how this data can improve the learning of new tasks in new environments. We find that jointly training with the proposed dataset and 50 demonstrations of a never-before-seen task in a new domain on average leads to a 2x improvement in success rate compared to using target domain data alone. We also find that data for only a few tasks in a new domain can bridge the domain gap and make it possible for a robot to perform a variety of prior tasks that were only seen in other domains. These results suggest that reusing diverse multi-task and multi-domain datasets, including our open-source dataset, may pave the way for broader robot generalization, eliminating the need to re-collect data for each new robot learning project.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑