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arXiv 2109.08288cs.MAcs.DCcs.LO
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DMAPF:一个多Agent障碍物路径问题的分散分布式求解器

DMAPF: A Decentralized and Distributed Solver for Multi-Agent Path Finding Problem with Obstacles

Poom Pianpak, Tran Cao Son

摘要:

多智能体路径寻找(MAPF)是一个问题,找到一个移动的序列,以达到他们的分配位置没有冲突的代理。集中式算法通常会给出最优解,但在不采用各种技术的情况下很难扩展-通常会牺牲最优性;但解决代理数量超过一千的MAPF问题仍然是一个挑战。为了解决可扩展性问题,我们提出了DMAPF -一个分散和分布式的MAPF求解器,这是我们最近发表的工作,ros-dmapf的延续。我们解决了ros-dmapf的问题,它(i)只适用于没有障碍的地图;和(ii)有一个低的成功率与密集的地图。给定一个MAPF问题,ros-dmapf和DMAPF都在空间上将地图划分为子问题,但后者进一步将每个子问题划分为称为区域的不连通区域。每个子问题被分配给一个分布式求解器,然后单独创建一个抽象的计划-一个代理需要访问的区域序列-为每个代理,并交错代理迁移与移动规划。Answer Set Programming以其在小而复杂的问题中的性能而闻名,用于许多部分,包括问题划分,抽象规划,迁移的边界分配和移动规划。机器人操作系统用于促进求解器之间的通信,并使其有机会与机器人系统集成。DMAPF在求解器之间引入了一种新的交互协议,以及一些机制,这些机制共同导致了更高的成功率和更好的解决方案质量,而不会牺牲太多的性能。我们实现了DMAPF,并通过与其他国家的最先进的MAPF求解器进行比较,实验验证,结果表明,我们的系统实现了更好的可扩展性。

英文摘要:

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is a problem of finding a sequence of movements for agents to reach their assigned location without collision. Centralized algorithms usually give optimal solutions, but have difficulties to scale without employing various techniques - usually with a sacrifice of optimality; but solving MAPF problems with the number of agents greater than a thousand remains a challenge nevertheless. To tackle the scalability issue, we present DMAPF - a decentralized and distributed MAPF solver, which is a continuation of our recently published work, ros-dmapf. We address the issues of ros-dmapf where it (i) only works in maps without obstacles; and (ii) has a low success rate with dense maps. Given a MAPF problem, both ros-dmapf and DMAPF divide the map spatially into subproblems, but the latter further divides each subproblem into disconnected regions called areas. Each subproblem is assigned to a distributed solver, which then individually creates an abstract plan - a sequence of areas that an agent needs to visit - for each agent in it, and interleaves agent migration with movement planning. Answer Set Programming, which is known for its performance in small but complex problems, is used in many parts including problem division, abstract planning, border assignment for the migration, and movement planning. Robot Operating System is used to facilitate communication between the solvers and to enable the opportunity to integrate with robotic systems. DMAPF introduces a new interaction protocol between the solvers, and mechanisms that together result in a higher success rate and better solution quality without sacrificing much of the performance. We implement and experimentally validate DMAPF by comparing it with other state-of-the-art MAPF solvers and the results show that our system achieves better scalability.

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