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arXiv 2109.07574physics.plasm-phastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRphysics.space-ph
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高能粒子的垂直扩散:一个完整的解析理论

Perpendicular Diffusion of Energetic Particles: A Complete Analytical Theory

Andreas Shalchi

摘要:

在过去的二十年里,科学家们对高能粒子在平均磁场中的传输有了很大的了解。由于测试粒子模拟以及强大的非线性分析工具,我们对这种类型的传输的理解几乎是完整的。然而,以前开发的非线性分析理论并不总是完全符合模拟。因此,将校正因子$a^2$纳入这些理论,目的是平衡不准确性。本文提出了一种新的垂直输运解析理论。这个理论包含了以前发展的统一的非线性传输理论,最先进的理论,到目前为止,在小久保数湍流的限制。对于二维湍流,得到了新的结果。在这种情况下,新的理论将垂直扩散描述为一个亚扩散过程,而粒子遵循磁场线。一旦湍流横向复杂性变得重要,扩散就会恢复。对于长的平行平均自由程,人们发现,垂直扩散系数是一个减少磁力线随机游走限制。对于短的平行平均自由程,另一方面,人们得到一个混合扩散系数,这是一个混合的碰撞Rechester & Rosenbluth和流体限制。总的来说,新的分析理论在当前的文件是在协议与启发式的论点。此外,新的理论几乎完全同意与以前进行的测试粒子模拟,而不需要上述的校正因子$a^2$或任何其他自由参数。

英文摘要:

Over the past two decades scientists have achieved a significant improvement of our understanding of the transport of energetic particles across a mean magnetic field. Due to test-particle simulations as well as powerful non-linear analytical tools our understanding of this type of transport is almost complete. However, previously developed non-linear analytical theories do not always agree perfectly with simulations. Therefore, a correction factor $a^2$ was incorporated into such theories with the aim to balance out inaccuracies. In this paper a new analytical theory for perpendicular transport is presented. This theory contains the previously developed unified non-linear transport theory, the most advanced theory to date, in the limit of small Kubo number turbulence. For two-dimensional turbulence new results are obtained. In this case the new theory describes perpendicular diffusion as a process which is sub-diffusive while particles follow magnetic field lines. Diffusion is restored as soon as the turbulence transverse complexity becomes important. For long parallel mean free paths one finds that the perpendicular diffusion coefficient is a reduced field line random walk limit. For short parallel mean free paths, on the other hand, one gets a hybrid diffusion coefficient which is a mixture of collisionless Rechester & Rosenbluth and fluid limits. Overall the new analytical theory developed in the current paper is in agreement with heuristic arguments. Furthermore, the new theory agrees almost perfectly with previously performed test-particle simulations without the need of the aforementioned correction factor $a^2$ or any other free parameter.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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