通过分析建模特征对最优容量扩展的影响来比较电力部门模型
Comparison of power sector models by analyzing the impact of modeling features on optimal capacity expansion
AI总结：
本文用六个电力系统模型比较可再生和灵活性技术的最优容量扩展，通过四个简化用例隔离技术影响，发现可用因子、储能参数、调度结构和输电建模等特征显著改变最优扩展结果。
摘要：
向脱碳能源系统转型需要电力部门扩展可再生和灵活性技术。在模型比较中，我们用六个容量扩展电力系统模型考察此类技术的最优扩展。研究的技术包括基荷和峰荷电厂、电力储能和输电。我们定义了四个高度简化和协调的用例，仅关注一两项特定技术的扩展，以隔离其对模型结果的影响。我们发现，对技术有限可用因子的不同假设导致模型中几乎所有用例的最优容量扩展出现技术特定偏差。储能的固定能量功率比可完全改变模型最优扩展结果，尤其改变短时和长时储能的比例。固定的初始和最终储能水平可影响长时储能的季节性使用。预排序调度结构的模型与线性优化模型显著偏离，因有限预见性和灵活性可导致更高容量投资。与更详细的直流潮流法相比，简化净传输容量法低估了电网基础设施需求。我们进一步发现不同地区最优储能和输电容量扩展模型结果的偏差，并将其与可变可再生能源发电和需求特征联系起来。我们预期在风格化设定中识别的总体效应在更详细的模型应用中也成立，尽管在那里可能不太明显。
英文摘要：
The transition towards decarbonized energy systems requires the expansion of renewable and flexibility technologies in power sectors. In a model comparison, we examine the optimal expansion of such technologies with six capacity expansion power system models. The technologies under investigation include base- and peak-load power plants, electricity storage, and transmission. We define four highly simplified and harmonized use cases that focus on the expansion of only one or two specific technologies to isolate their effects on model results. We find that deviating assumptions on limited availability factors of technologies cause technology-specific deviations between optimal capacity expansion in models in almost all use cases. Fixed energy-to-power-ratios of storage can entirely change model optimal expansion outcomes, especially shifting the ratio between short- and long-duration storage. Fixed initial and end storage levels can impact the seasonal use of long-duration storage. Models with a pre-ordered dispatch structure significantly deviate from linear optimization models, as limited foresight and flexibility can lead to higher capacity investments. A simplified net transfer capacity approach underestimates the need for grid infrastructure compared to a more detailed direct current load flow approach. We further find deviations in model results of optimal storage and transmission capacity expansion between regions and link them to variable renewable energy generation and demand characteristics. We expect that the general effects identified in our stylized setting also hold in more detailed model applications, although they may be less visible there.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
