Geant4中子-HP程序包的改进：从方法学到评价核数据库
Improvement of Geant4 Neutron-HP package: from methodology to evaluated nuclear data library
摘要：
准确描述热中子（低于4 eV）和材料之间的相互作用是模拟中子在广泛应用中传输的关键，例如临界安全，反应堆物理，紧凑型加速器驱动的中子源，放射性屏蔽或核仪器，仅举几例。虽然蒙特卡罗输运程序Geant 4最初是为了模拟粒子物理实验而开发的，它主要强调在所有可能的能量下所有已知粒子的模拟截面，但它的使用已扩展到中子学应用，需要评估$0$和$20$ MeV之间的中子和伽马的截面（所谓的中子高精度-HP-包），以及这些横截面的适当离线或飞行处理。在本文中，我们将指出影响Geant 4（版本10.07.p01）热中子治疗和相关的核数据库的限制，通过使用参考蒙特卡罗中子输运代码\tripoli，版本11的比较，我们将提出的Geant 4中子HP包，需要克服这些限制的各种修改的结果。此外，为了扩大与Geant 4兼容的核数据库的支持，已经开发并验证了核处理工具，允许将代码与ENDF-BVIII.0和JEFF-3.3库一起使用。这些变化应该在即将发布的Geant 4版本中考虑在内。
英文摘要：
An accurate description of interactions between thermal neutrons (below 4 eV) and materials is key to simulate the transport of neutrons in a wide range of applications such as criticality-safety, reactor physics, compact accelerator-driven neutron sources, radiological shielding or nuclear instrumentation, just to name a few. While the Monte Carlo transport code Geant4 was initially developed to simulate particle physics experiments, %-with a large emphasis given on modeled cross-sections for all known particles at all conceivable energies-, its use has spread to neutronics applications, requiring evaluated cross-sections for neutrons and gammas between $0$ and $20$ MeV (the so-called neutron High Precision -HP- package), as well as a proper offline or on-the-flight treatment of these cross-sections. In this paper we will point out limitations affecting Geant4 (version 10.07.p01) thermal neutron treatment and associated nuclear data libraries, by using comparisons with the reference Monte Carlo neutron transport code \tripoli, version 11, and we will present the results of various modifications of the Geant4 neutron-HP package, required to overcome these limitations. Also, in order to broaden the support of nuclear data libraries compatible with Geant4, a nuclear processing tool has been developed and validated allowing the use of the code together with ENDF-BVIII.0 and JEFF-3.3 libraries for example. These changes should be taken into account in an upcoming Geant4 release.
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