流体热扩散的统一理论
Consolidated theory of fluid thermodiffusion
摘要：
我们提出的Onsager-Stefan-Maxwell热扩散方程，它占Soret和Dufour多组分流体中的效果。不同于来自动力学理论的传输定律，这个框架保留了等温Stefan-麦克斯韦方程组的结构，将驱动扩散的热力学力与驱动热流的力分开。Onsager-Stefan-Maxwell输运系数矩阵是对称的，热力学第二定律赋予它简单的光谱特性。这种新的方法允许热被认为是一个伪物种，并证明等价于两个直观的扩展菲克定律和推广的斯特凡-麦克斯韦方程组推广鸟，斯图尔特和莱特富特。一般的反演过程有利于通量显式输运方程相对于对流参考速度的任何选择的独特配方。Stefan-Maxwell扩散系数和热扩散因子列表中的气体混合物含有氦，氩，氖，氪，氙。该框架被部署在三元气体中进行稳态三维热扩散的数值模拟。
英文摘要：
We present the Onsager--Stefan--Maxwell thermodiffusion equations, which account for the Soret and Dufour effects in multicomponent fluids. Unlike transport laws derived from kinetic theory, this framework preserves the structure of the isothermal Stefan--Maxwell equations, separating the thermodynamic forces that drive diffusion from the force that drives heat flow. The Onsager--Stefan--Maxwell transport-coefficient matrix is symmetric, and the second law of thermodynamics imbues it with simple spectral characteristics. This new approach allows for heat to be considered as a pseudo-species and proves equivalent to both the intuitive extension of Fick's law and the generalized Stefan--Maxwell equations popularized by Bird, Stewart, and Lightfoot. A general inversion process facilitates the unique formulation of flux-explicit transport equations relative to any choice of convective reference velocity. Stefan--Maxwell diffusivities and thermal diffusion factors are tabulated for gaseous mixtures containing helium, argon, neon, krypton, and xenon. The framework is deployed to perform numerical simulations of steady three-dimensional thermodiffusion in a ternary gas.
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