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arXiv 2109.03286astro-ph.HE
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GRB极化:GRB物理学的独特探索

GRB Polarization: A Unique Probe of GRB Physics

Ramandeep Gill, Merlin Kole, Jonathan Granot

摘要:

自伽马射线暴(GRB)被发现以来的半个多世纪里,人们对GRB明亮且高度可变的瞬发辐射的主要辐射机制仍然知之甚少。单靠光谱信息不足以理解伽玛暴喷流的成分和主要的能量耗散机制。在这十年里,即将到来的仪器的高灵敏度偏振观测可能有助于回答伽玛射线暴物理学中的这些关键问题。本文综述了伽玛暴瞬时偏振测量的现状,并从理论模型出发给出了全面的预测。简要概述了伽玛暴物理学中的基本问题。伽马射线偏振测量的重要发展,包括过去的不同仪器的关键概述。不同的辐射机制和喷流结构的理论预测面临着时间积分和时间分辨的测量。目前的状况和即将推出的仪器有关的即时排放的能力。非常互补的信息,可以从偏振的X射线耀斑,以及反向冲击和早期到晚期的前向冲击(余辉)发射突出显示。最后,有前途的方向,以克服固有的困难,在获得统计上显着的非GRB偏振测量进行了讨论,以及在理论建模,这可能会导致显着的进展,在该领域的改进前景。

英文摘要:

Over half a century from the discovery of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the dominant radiation mechanism responsible for their bright and highly variable prompt emission remains poorly understood. Spectral information alone has proven insufficient for understanding the composition and main energy dissipation mechanism in GRB jets. High-sensitivity polarimetric observations from upcoming instruments in this decade may help answer such key questions in GRB physics. This article reviews the current status of prompt GRB polarization measurements and provides comprehensive predictions from theoretical models. A concise overview of the fundamental questions in prompt GRB physics is provided. Important developments in gamma-ray polarimetry including a critical overview of different past instruments are presented. Theoretical predictions for different radiation mechanisms and jet structures are confronted with time-integrated and time-resolved measurements. The current status and capabilities of upcoming instruments regarding the prompt emission are presented. The very complimentary information that can be obtained from polarimetry of X-ray flares as well as reverse-shock and early to late forward-shock (afterglow) emission is highlighted. Finally, promising directions for overcoming the inherent difficulties in obtaining statistically significant prompt-GRB polarization measurements are discussed, along with prospects for improvements in the theoretical modeling, which may lead to significant advances in the field.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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