用Rao-Cramer估计精确测量无线电信号的重力频移
Precision measurement of gravitational frequency shift of radio signals using Rao-Cramer estimates
摘要：
已经开发了一种方法，用于根据极大似然原理，利用对与轨道运动有关的运动学参数的Rao-Cramer极限估计，精确测量航天器与地面跟踪站之间通信无线电信号的重力频移。数值说明的方法的效率，使用的例子中获得的数据与光谱-R卫星的VLBI系统的一部分，在“射电天文”任务的实验。由于重力会话中存在两种通信模式：单向（1 w）和环路（2 w），因此已实施了用于抑制多普勒和大气噪声的补偿性“在线”技术。讨论了减小系统误差的方法。
英文摘要：
A method has been developed for precision measurement of the gravitational frequency shift of communication radio signals between the spacecraft and the ground tracking station based on the maximum likelihood principle, using the Rao-Cramer limit estimates for the kinematic parameters associated with orbital motion. Numerical illustrations of the efficiency of the method are presented using the example of data obtained in experiments with the Spectr-R satellite as part of the VLBI system in the "Radioastron" mission. A compensatory "on-line" technique for suppressing Doppler and atmospheric noise has been implemented due to the presence of two modes of communication in gravity sessions: unidirectional (1w) and looped (2w). Recipes for reducing the magnitude of systematic errors are discussed.
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