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arXiv 2109.03007quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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量子采样算法、相变和计算复杂性

Quantum Sampling Algorithms, Phase Transitions, and Computational Complexity

Dominik S. Wild, Dries Sels, Hannes Pichler, Cristian Zanoci, Mikhail D. Lukin

摘要:

从概率分布中提取独立样本是一个重要的计算问题,在蒙特卡罗算法,机器学习和统计物理中有应用。这个问题原则上可以在量子计算机上解决,方法是准备一个量子态,对整个概率分布进行编码,然后进行投影测量。我们调查的复杂性,准备这样的量子态的吉布斯分布的各种经典模型,包括伊辛链,硬球模型在不同的图形,和一个模型编码的非结构化搜索问题。通过构造一个以期望的量子态为基态的父哈密顿量,我们将状态准备时间的渐近标度与不同量子相位之间的跃迁性质联系起来。这些见解使我们能够识别绝热路径,实现量子加速比经典马尔可夫链算法。此外,我们表明,从独立集上的某些图形的采样问题的父哈密顿可以自然地实现与中性原子通过高度激发的里德伯态相互作用。

英文摘要:

Drawing independent samples from a probability distribution is an important computational problem with applications in Monte Carlo algorithms, machine learning, and statistical physics. The problem can in principle be solved on a quantum computer by preparing a quantum state that encodes the entire probability distribution followed by a projective measurement. We investigate the complexity of adiabatically preparing such quantum states for the Gibbs distributions of various classical models including the Ising chain, hard-sphere models on different graphs, and a model encoding the unstructured search problem. By constructing a parent Hamiltonian, whose ground state is the desired quantum state, we relate the asymptotic scaling of the state preparation time to the nature of transitions between distinct quantum phases. These insights enable us to identify adiabatic paths that achieve a quantum speedup over classical Markov chain algorithms. In addition, we show that parent Hamiltonians for the problem of sampling from independent sets on certain graphs can be naturally realized with neutral atoms interacting via highly excited Rydberg states.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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