寻找扭曲：通过弱lensing-kSZ互相关探测宇宙学重力磁效应
Looking for a twist: probing the cosmological gravitomagnetic effect via weak lensing-kSZ cross correlations
摘要：
广义相对论预言，物质的旋转动量通量通过矢量重力磁（框架拖曳）场扭曲时空，这在宇宙学中尚未发现。该矢量场引起额外的引力透镜效应;同时，动量场引起动力学Sunyaev-Zel'dovich（kSZ）效应。这两种效应的共同起源使我们能够通过它们的互相关来探测重磁信号。在本文中，我们探索的可能性，检测重磁场的$Λ$ CDM通过互相关的弱透镜收敛场与CMB温度图，这是与kSZ信号的印记。这种方法使我们能够提取重力磁效应，因为标准牛顿贡献的弱透镜收敛场，$κ_Φ$，和kSZ效应之间的互相关预计将消失。我们研究了一套大体积的牛顿$N$体模拟和小体积，高分辨率，广义相对论对应的互相关。我们发现，不足的模拟分辨率可以引入显着的虚假之间的相关性$κ_Φ$和kSZ。从高分辨率的模拟结果中我们发现，如果只考虑宇宙方差的话，在$\ell\simeq5000$（$10^4$）处，对于透镜源红移$z_s=0.83$，kSZ重磁会聚场的累积信噪比（SNR）可以达到15（30）。我们对下一代透镜巡天如Euclid和LSST以及CMB实验如Simons Observatory和CMB-S4进行了预测，发现对于$z_s=1.4$，在$\ell\simeq5000$（$10^4$）处的累积信噪比可以超过5（9），表明如果能去除几个前景污染，宇宙学重磁效应是可以探测到的。
英文摘要：
General relativity predicts that the rotational momentum flux of matter twists the spacetime via a vector gravitomagnetic (frame-dragging) field, which remains undetected in cosmology. This vector field induces an additional gravitational lensing effect; at the same time, the momentum field sources the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect. The common origin of these two effects allows us to probe the gravitomagnetic signal via their cross-correlations. In this paper, we explore the possibility of detecting the gravitomagnetic field in $Λ$CDM by cross-correlating the weak-lensing convergence field with the CMB temperature map, which is imprinted with the kSZ signal. This approach allows us to extract the gravitomagnetic effect because the cross correlation between the standard Newtonian contribution to the weak-lensing convergence field, $κ_Φ$, and the kSZ effect is expected to vanish. We study the cross correlations with a suite of large-volume Newtonian $N$-body simulations and a small-volume, high-resolution, general-relativistic counterpart. We show that insufficient simulation resolution can introduce significant spurious correlations between $κ_Φ$ and kSZ. From the high-resolution simulation, we find that the cumulative signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the kSZ-gravitomagnetic convergence field can reach almost 15 (30) at $\ell\simeq5000$ ($10^4$) for the lensing source redshift $z_s=0.83$, if only cosmic variance is considered. We make forecast for next-generation lensing surveys such as Euclid and LSST, and CMB experiments such as Simons Observatory and CMB-S4, and find that, for $z_s=1.4$, the cumulative SNR can exceed 5 (9) at $\ell\simeq5000$ ($10^4$), indicating that the cosmological gravitomagnetic effect can be detected, if several foreground contaminations can be removed.
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