（3200）Phaethon和（155140）2005 UD的望远镜观测和实验研究
Investigating the Relationship between (3200) Phaethon and (155140) 2005 UD through Telescopic and Laboratory Studies
摘要：
近地天体（3200）Phaethon和（155140）2005 UD之间的关系尚不清楚。虽然两者都是流星雨的父母，（双子座流星雨和白天的六分仪流星雨，分别），有类似的可见光波长反射光谱和轨道，动力学研究未能找到任何可能的方法来连接这两个对象在最近的过去。在这里，我们提出了2005年UD的第一个近红外反射光谱，这表明它是一贯的线性和红色倾斜不同于法厄同的非常蓝色和凹光谱。为了寻找一个过程，可以改变一些共同的起始材料，这两个最终状态，我们假设这两个对象已被加热到不同程度，其近太阳轨道的动机，双子座流星体的组成，和以前的模型法厄同的表面。因此，我们着手建立一个新的实验室设备，以获取陨石样品的反射光谱加热到更高的温度后，比现有的文献中测试这一假设，并从梵蒂冈陨石收藏借来的CI球粒陨石Orgueil样品进行测试。我们发现，虽然法厄同的光谱有许多相似之处，不同的CI球粒陨石，2005年UD的没有。因此，我们得出结论，这两个物体之间最有可能的关系是，它们的相似属性只是巧合，而不是父母碎片的情况，尽管最终的测试将是JAXA的DESTINY+任务在本十年晚些时候访问一个或两个物体。我们还讨论了可能的路径向前理解法厄同的动力学和成分的理由的属性。
英文摘要：
The relationship between the Near-Earth Objects (3200) Phaethon and (155140) 2005 UD is unclear. While both are parents to Meteor Showers, (the Geminids and Daytime Sextantids, respectively), have similar visible-wavelength reflectance spectra and orbits, dynamical investigations have failed to find any likely method to link the two objects in the recent past. Here we present the first near-infrared reflectance spectrum of 2005 UD, which shows it to be consistently linear and red-sloped unlike Phaethon's very blue and concave spectrum. Searching for a process that could alter some common starting material to both of these end states, we hypothesized that the two objects had been heated to different extents, motivated by their near-Sun orbits, the composition of Geminid meteoroids, and previous models of Phaethon's surface. We thus set about building a new laboratory apparatus to acquire reflectance spectra of meteoritic samples after heating to higher temperatures than available in the literature to test this hypothesis and were loaned a sample of the CI Chondrite Orgueil from the Vatican Meteorite Collection for testing. We find that while Phaethon's spectrum shares many similarities with different CI Chondrites, 2005 UD's does not. We thus conclude that the most likely relationship between the two objects is that their similar properties are only by coincidence as opposed to a parent-fragment scenario, though the ultimate test will be when JAXA's DESTINY+ mission visits one or both objects later this decade. We also discuss possible paths forward to understanding Phaethon's properties from dynamical and compositional grounds.
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