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arXiv 2109.00385cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.other
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非平衡不连续相变中的电流涨落

Current fluctuations in nonequilibrium discontinuous phase transitions

C. E. Fiore, Pedro E. Harunari, C. E. Fernández Noa, Gabriel T. Landi

摘要:

非平衡态的不连续相变可以用宏观随机电流的行为来表征。但是,尽管人们对平均电流有很多了解,但对于更高的统计数据,人们对这种情况的了解要少得多。在本文中,我们解决的后果发散亚稳态寿命-不连续过渡的标志-在任意热力学电流的波动,包括熵产生。特别地,我们将讨论集中在\emph{conditional}统计上,给定系统处于哪个阶段。我们强调积分窗口和亚稳态寿命之间的相互作用,这是不表现在平均电流,但强烈影响的波动。我们引入条件电流,并发现,在其他预测,他们的连接平均和缩放方差通过有限时间版本的大偏差理论和极小模型。我们的结果,然后进一步验证了两个范例模型的不连续转变:Schlögl的化学反应模型,和一个$12$ -状态Potts模型受到两个浴在不同的温度。

英文摘要:

Discontinuous phase transitions out of equilibrium can be characterized by the behavior of macroscopic stochastic currents. But while much is known about the the average current, the situation is much less understood for higher statistics. In this paper, we address the consequences of the diverging metastability lifetime -- a hallmark of discontinuous transitions -- in the fluctuations of arbitrary thermodynamic currents, including the entropy production. In particular, we center our discussion on the \emph{conditional} statistics, given which phase the system is in. We highlight the interplay between integration window and metastability lifetime, which is not manifested in the average current, but strongly influences the fluctuations. We introduce conditional currents and find, among other predictions, their connection to average and scaled variance through a finite-time version of Large Deviation Theory and a minimal model. Our results are then further verified in two paradigmatic models of discontinuous transitions: Schlögl's model of chemical reactions, and a $12$-states Potts model subject to two baths at different temperatures.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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