一种闭环光遗传睡眠调制的片上系统
A System-on-Chip for Closed-loop Optogenetic Sleep Modulation
摘要：
在特定睡眠阶段使用光遗传学技术刺激靶神经元群体已经开始阐明睡眠的机制和作用。为了在不受束缚的动物中进行闭环光遗传学睡眠研究，我们设计了一个完全集成的低功耗片上系统（SoC），用于实时睡眠阶段分类和特定阶段的光学刺激。该SoC由一个用于记录多导睡眠图信号的4通道模拟前端、一个混合信号机器学习（ML）核心和一个16通道光学刺激后端组成。一种新颖的ML算法和创新的电路设计技术提高了在线分类性能，同时最大限度地降低了功耗。该SoC采用180 nm CMOS工艺进行设计和仿真。在使用具有20个受试者的专家标记的睡眠数据库的评估中，SoC在区分5个睡眠阶段方面实现了0.806的高灵敏度和0.947的特异性。连续运行的总功耗为97 uW。
英文摘要：
Stimulation of target neuronal populations using optogenetic techniques during specific sleep stages has begun to elucidate the mechanisms and effects of sleep. To conduct closed-loop optogenetic sleep studies in untethered animals, we designed a fully integrated, low-power system-on-chip (SoC) for real-time sleep stage classification and stage-specific optical stimulation. The SoC consists of a 4-channel analog front-end for recording polysomnography signals, a mixed-signal machine-learning (ML) core, and a 16-channel optical stimulation back-end. A novel ML algorithm and innovative circuit design techniques improved the online classification performance while minimizing power consumption. The SoC was designed and simulated in 180 nm CMOS technology. In an evaluation using an expert labeled sleep database with 20 subjects, the SoC achieves a high sensitivity of 0.806 and a specificity of 0.947 in discriminating 5 sleep stages. Overall power consumption in continuous operation is 97 uW.
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