软磁性地毯在水陆两栖运输中的应用
Amphibious Transport of Fluids and Solids by Soft Magnetic Carpets
摘要：
现代机器人技术的主要挑战之一是通过主动和自适应材料来控制微操作。在呼吸系统中，这种驱动能够通过运动纤毛清除病原体。虽然最近已经设计了各种类型的人造纤毛，但它们通常涉及复杂的制造协议，并且只专注于运输液体。在这里，我们通过基于Rosensweig不稳定性的简单自组装路线来制造软磁地毯。这些地毯可以运输液体，也可以运输比人造纤毛更大更重的固体物体，使用人群冲浪效应。这种水陆两用的交通工具可以通过简单的微磁体或具有高度空间分辨率的高级可编程磁场进行局部和可重新配置的调谐。我们确定和模型两个令人惊讶的货物逆转的影响，由于集体纤毛运动和非平凡的弹性流体动力学。虽然我们的活性地毯通常适用于运输、混合和分选的集成控制系统，但这些效果也可用于微流体粘度测定和弹性测定。
英文摘要：
One of the major challenges in modern robotics is controlling micromanipulation by active and adaptive materials. In the respiratory system, such actuation enables pathogen clearance by means of motile cilia. While various types of artificial cilia have been engineered recently, they often involve complex manufacturing protocols and focus on transporting liquids only. Here, we create soft magnetic carpets via an easy self-assembly route based on the Rosensweig instability. These carpets can transport liquids but also solid objects that are larger and heavier than the artificial cilia, using a crowd-surfing effect. This amphibious transportation is locally and reconfigurably tuneable by simple micromagnets or advanced programmable magnetic fields with a high degree of spatial resolution. We identify and model two surprising cargo reversal effects due to collective ciliary motion and non-trivial elastohydrodynamics. While our active carpets are generally applicable to integrated control systems for transport, mixing and sorting, these effects could also be exploited for microfluidic viscosimetry and elastometry.
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