信息和信通技术作为农民适应气候风险能力决定因素的作用：印度哈里亚纳邦的实证研究
Role of Information and ICTs as Determinants of Farmer's Adaptive Capacity to Climate Risk: An Empirical Study From Haryana, India
摘要：
本研究利用印度哈里亚纳邦六个地区463名农民的原始数据，试图了解农民在地方一级的适应能力的组成部分，以及如何提高农民的适应能力。我们使用路径分析技术，使用RStudio中的lavaan包来实证检验信息的作用。我们发现，信息是一个直接和显着的贡献者，以提高农民的适应能力。然而，即使在技术、特别是信息和通信技术（信通技术）的使用呈指数增长的情况下，小农仍然缺乏获得信息的机会，这妨碍了他们应对天气和气候风险的能力。因此，了解可以促进农业社区更有效地交换和使用信息的机制非常重要。我们从总体上看待利用信通技术生态系统运作的信通技术，并发现信息、技术和信通技术生态系统之间存在着重要的相互联系，这些联系促进了学习和信息交流，从而有助于提高农民的适应能力，建设抵御气候冲击的能力。我们发现，信息和通信技术的生态系统，促进获得信息，也调解农民的能力和意愿的影响，使用信息和通信技术为农业目的。发展良好的信通技术生态系统可能有助于农民更好地应对未来气候变化。
英文摘要：
Using the primary data collected for 463 farmers in six districts of Haryana, India, the present study attempts to understand the constituents of farmer's adaptive capacity at local level and how it can be enhanced. We use path analysis technique using the lavaan package in RStudio to empirically test the role of information. We find that information is a direct and significant contributor to enhancing farmers' adaptive capacity. However, even with exponential growth in use of technology, particularly information and communication technologies (ICTs), small farmers still lack access to information which hinders their capacity to respond to weather and climate risks. Thus, understanding the mechanism that can facilitate exchange and use of information by the farming community more effectively is important. We take an ensemble view of ICTs operationalized using ICT ecosystem and find significant interlinkages between information, technology and the ICT ecosystem that facilitate learning and information exchange and therefore contribute to enhancing farmers' adaptive capacity and building resilience to climate shocks. We find that ICT ecosystem does facilitate access to information and also mediate the effect of farmer's capability and willingness to use ICTs for agricultural purposes. Development of sound ICT ecosystem is likely to help farmers to better respond to changing climate in the future.
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