高精度宇宙核天文钟
High-precision nuclear chronometer for the cosmos
摘要：
核计时器通过比较长寿命放射性核素的现在和初始丰度来预测最古老恒星的年龄，为宇宙提供了一种独立的测年技术。提出了一种新的核计时器--Th-U-X计时器，它通过同步Th/X、U/X和Th/U计时器，对$r$过程模拟中的天体物理条件施加了严格的约束。利用Th-U-X天文钟，核天文钟的天体物理不确定度从超过$\pm2$十亿年显著降低到0：3十亿年以内。利用该精密时计估算了6颗贫金属星的年龄，其结果与宇宙微波背景辐射估算的宇宙年龄138亿年一致，但与引力透镜测量的宇宙年龄114亿年不一致。
英文摘要：
Nuclear chronometer, which predicts the ages of the oldest stars by comparing the present and initial abundances of long-lived radioactive nuclides, provides an independent dating technique for the cosmos. A new nuclear chronometer called Th-U-X chronometer is proposed, which imposes stringent constraints on the astrophysical conditions in the $r$-process simulation by synchronizing the previous Th/X, U/X and Th/U chronometers. The astrophysical uncertainties of nuclear chronometer are significantly reduced from more than $\pm2$ billion years to within 0:3 billion years by the Th-U-X chronometer. The proposed chronometer is then applied to estimate the ages of the six metal-poor stars with observed uranium abundances, and the predicted ages are compatible with the cosmic age 13.8 billion years predicted from the cosmic microwave background radiation, but in contradictory with the new cosmic age 11.4 billion years from the gravitational lenses measurement.
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