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arXiv 2108.04059cs.DCcs.ARcs.LGcs.SE
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无电池系统的机器学习应用记忆感知分区以实现最优能耗使用

Memory-Aware Partitioning of Machine Learning Applications for Optimal Energy Use in Batteryless Systems

University of St.Gallen(圣加仑大学);ETH Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院);University of Bologna(博洛尼亚大学)

Andres Gomez, Andreas Tretter, Pascal Alexander Hager, Praveenth Sanmugarajah, Luca Benini, Lothar Thiele

AI总结:

Julienning通过内存感知分区优化无电池系统的机器学习应用能耗,减少能量存储需求达94%。

摘要:

由能量收集供电的传感系统传统上被设计成能够容忍长时间没有能量的时期。随着物联网(物联网)向更加短暂和机会导向的执行范式发展,减少能量存储成本将对其实用性和生态可持续性至关重要。然而,在收集系统中减少能量存储会引入可靠性问题。传感器只在低电压和电流水平下产生间歇性能量,使保证任务完成成为一个挑战。现有的即兴方法通过缓冲足够的能量来解决这个问题,要么为单个任务,导致大量的数据保留开销,要么为一个完整的应用程序周期,需要大量的能量缓冲。我们提出了Julienning:一种自动化的方法,用于优化无电池应用的总能量成本。使用自定义的规范模型,开发者可以将短暂的应用程序描述为一组原子执行的内核,具有明确的数据依赖性。我们的优化流程可以将数据密集和能量密集的应用程序分成多个执行周期,每个周期具有受限制的能量消耗。通过利用内核之间的数据依赖性,这些受能量限制的执行周期最小化了系统激活次数和非易失性数据传输次数,从而减少了总能量开销。我们通过两个无电池摄像头运行能耗-intensive的机器学习应用来验证我们的方法。结果表明,与即兴解决方案相比,我们的方法可以将所需能量存储减少超过94%,同时仅产生0.12%的能量开销。

英文摘要:

Sensing systems powered by energy harvesting have traditionally been designed to tolerate long periods without energy. As the Internet of Things (IoT) evolves towards a more transient and opportunistic execution paradigm, reducing energy storage costs will be key for its economic and ecologic viability. However, decreasing energy storage in harvesting systems introduces reliability issues. Transducers only produce intermittent energy at low voltage and current levels, making guaranteed task completion a challenge. Existing ad hoc methods overcome this by buffering enough energy either for single tasks, incurring large data-retention overheads, or for one full application cycle, requiring a large energy buffer. We present Julienning: an automated method for optimizing the total energy cost of batteryless applications. Using a custom specification model, developers can describe transient applications as a set of atomically executed kernels with explicit data dependencies. Our optimization flow can partition data- and energy-intensive applications into multiple execution cycles with bounded energy consumption. By leveraging interkernel data dependencies, these energy-bounded execution cycles minimize the number of system activations and nonvolatile data transfers, and thus the total energy overhead. We validate our methodology with two batteryless cameras running energy-intensive machine learning applications. Results demonstrate that compared to ad hoc solutions, our method can reduce the required energy storage by over 94% while only incurring a 0.12% energy overhead.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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