Recent work has shown the efficiency of deep learning models such as Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN) or Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to deal with Time Series Regression (TSR) problems. These models sometimes need a lot of data to be able to generalize, yet the time series are sometimes not long enough to be able to learn patterns. Therefore, it is important to make use of information across time series to improve learning. In this paper, we will explore the idea of using meta-learning for quickly adapting model parameters to new short-history time series by modifying the original idea of Model Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) \cite{finn2017model}. Moreover, based on prior work on multimodal MAML \cite{vuorio2019multimodal}, we propose a method for conditioning parameters of the model through an auxiliary network that encodes global information of the time series to extract meta-features. Finally, we apply the data to time series of different domains, such as pollution measurements, heart-rate sensors, and electrical battery data. We show empirically that our proposed meta-learning method learns TSR with few data fast and outperforms the baselines in 9 of 12 experiments.
Lenovo Machine Intelligence Center（联想机器智能中心）；Delft University of Technology（代尔夫特理工大学）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）
Meta-learning has gained wide popularity as a training framework that is more data-efficient than traditional machine learning methods. However, its generalization ability in complex task distributions, such as multimodal tasks, has not been thoroughly studied. Recently, some studies on multimodality-based meta-learning have emerged. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the multimodality-based meta-learning landscape in terms of the methodologies and applications. We first formalize the definition of meta-learning in multimodality, along with the research challenges in this growing…
Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技与设计大学）
Multimodal meta-learning is a recent problem that extends conventional few-shot meta-learning by generalizing its setup to diverse multimodal task distributions. This setup makes a step towards mimicking how humans make use of a diverse set of prior skills to learn new skills. Previous work has achieved encouraging performance. In particular, in spite of the diversity of the multimodal tasks, previous work claims that a single meta-learner trained on a multimodal distribution can sometimes outperform multiple specialized meta-learners trained on individual unimodal distributions. The improveme…
SK T-Brain；University of Southern California（南加州大学）
Gradient-based meta-learners such as MAML are able to learn a meta-prior from similar tasks to adapt to novel tasks from the same distribution with few gradient updates. One important limitation of such frameworks is that they seek a common initialization shared across the entire task distribution, substantially limiting the diversity of the task distributions that they are able to learn from. In this paper, we augment MAML with the capability to identify tasks sampled from a multimodal task distribution and adapt quickly through gradient updates. Specifically, we propose a multimodal MAML alg…
We propose MetaNOR, a meta-learnt approach for transfer-learning operators based on the nonlocal operator regression. The overall goal is to efficiently provide surrogate models for new and unknown material-learning tasks with different microstructures. The algorithm consists of two phases: (1) learning a common nonlocal kernel representation from existing tasks; (2) transferring the learned knowledge and rapidly learning surrogate operators for unseen tasks with a different material, where only a few test samples are required. We apply MetaNOR to model the wave propagation within 1D metamater…
Londrina State University（隆德里纳州立大学）；University of São Paulo（圣保罗大学）；Federal Technology University（联邦理工大学）
Several multi-target regression methods were devel-oped in the last years aiming at improving predictive performanceby exploring inter-target correlation within the problem. However, none of these methods outperforms the others for all problems. This motivates the development of automatic approachesto recommend the most suitable multi-target regression method. In this paper, we propose a meta-learning system to recommend the best predictive method for a given multi-target regression problem. We performed experiments with a meta-dataset generated by a total of 648 synthetic datasets. These data…
University of Southern California（南加州大学）；University of Michigan（密歇根大学）
Model-agnostic meta-learners aim to acquire meta-learned parameters from similar tasks to adapt to novel tasks from the same distribution with few gradient updates. With the flexibility in the choice of models, those frameworks demonstrate appealing performance on a variety of domains such as few-shot image classification and reinforcement learning. However, one important limitation of such frameworks is that they seek a common initialization shared across the entire task distribution, substantially limiting the diversity of the task distributions that they are able to learn from. In this pape…
KTH Royal Institute of Technology（瑞典皇家理工学院）；Linköpings University（林雪平大学）
This paper investigates the use of nonparametric kernel-regression to obtain a tasksimilarity aware meta-learning algorithm. Our hypothesis is that the use of tasksimilarity helps meta-learning when the available tasks are limited and may contain outlier/ dissimilar tasks. While existing meta-learning approaches implicitly assume the tasks as being similar, it is generally unclear how this task-similarity could be quantified and used in the learning. As a result, most popular metalearning approaches do not actively use the similarity/dissimilarity between the tasks, but rely on availability of…
Gaussian Process (GP) regression has seen widespread use in robotics due to its generality, simplicity of use, and the utility of Bayesian predictions. The predominant implementation of GP regression is a nonparameteric kernel-based approach, as it enables fitting of arbitrary nonlinear functions. However, this approach suffers from two main drawbacks: (1) it is computationally inefficient, as computation scales poorly with the number of samples; and (2) it can be data inefficient, as encoding prior knowledge that can aid the model through the choice of kernel and associated hyperparameters is…
Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence（博世人工智能中心）
Meta-learning is widely used in few-shot classification and function regression due to its ability to quickly adapt to unseen tasks. However, it has not yet been well explored on regression tasks with high dimensional inputs such as images. This paper makes two main contributions that help understand this barely explored area. \emph{First}, we design two new types of cross-category level vision regression tasks, namely object discovery and pose estimation of unprecedented complexity in the meta-learning domain for computer vision. To this end, we (i) exhaustively evaluate common meta-learning …
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)（洛桑联邦理工学院）
We propose regression networks for the problem of few-shot classification, where a classifier must generalize to new classes not seen in the training set, given only a small number of examples of each class. In high dimensional embedding spaces the direction of data generally contains richer information than magnitude. Next to this, state-of-the-art few-shot metric methods that compare distances with aggregated class representations, have shown superior performance. Combining these two insights, we propose to meta-learn classification of embedded points by regressing the closest approximation …
LLM-Meta-SR: In-Context Learning for Evolving Selection Operators in Symbolic Regression
Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence & School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington（惠灵顿维多利亚大学数据科学与人工智能中心及工程与计算机科学学院）；Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University（密歇根州立大学计算机科学与工程系）
Explainable Multimodal Regression via Information Decomposition
Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；Georgia Institute of Technology（佐治亚理工学院）；Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹自由大学）；UiT - The Arctic University of Norway（挪威北极大学）
Multimodal regression is a fundamental task, which integrates the information from different sources to improve the performance of follow-up applications. However, existing methods mainly focus on improving the performance and often ignore the confidence of prediction for diverse situations. In this study, we are devoted to trustworthy multimodal regression which is critical in cost-sensitive domains. To this end, we introduce a novel Mixture of Normal-Inverse Gamma distributions (MoNIG) algorithm, which efficiently estimates uncertainty in principle for adaptive integration of different modal…
Texas A&M University（德克萨斯农工大学）；Army Research Lab（陆军研究实验室）
In many real-world applications of deep learning, estimation of a target may rely on various types of input data modes, such as audio-video, image-text, etc. This task can be further complicated by a lack of sufficient data. Here we propose a Deep Multimodal Transfer-Learned Regressor (DMTL-R) for multimodal learning of image and feature data in a deep regression architecture effective at predicting target parameters in data-poor domains. Our model is capable of fine-tuning a given set of pre-trained CNN weights on a small amount of training image data, while simultaneously conditioning on fea…
A Mutual Information Lower Bound for Multimodal Regression Active Learning
Graduate Group on Applied Mathematics & Computational Science（应用数学与计算科学研究生组）；Department of Computer and Information Science（计算机与信息科学系）；University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学）；Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics（机械工程与应用力学系）
Symbolic Regression with Multimodal Large Language Models and Kolmogorov Arnold Networks
NSF AI Institute for Fundamental Interactions, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA（NSF人工智能基础相互作用研究所，麻省理工学院，剑桥，马萨诸塞州，02139，美国）；Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA（物理系，东北大学，波士顿，马萨诸塞州，02115，美国）；Department of Mathematics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA（数学系，东北大学，波士顿，马萨诸塞州，02115，美国）；Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK（鲁道夫·佩尔尔斯理论物理中心，牛津大学，牛津 OX1 2JD，英国）
Material Microstructure Design Using VAE-Regression with Multimodal Prior
TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd（塔塔咨询服务有限公司 TCS 研究院）；Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay（印度理工学院孟买分校 计算机科学与工程系）
Metabolomic data can potentially enable accurate, non-invasive and low-cost prediction of coronary artery disease. Regression-based analytical approaches however might fail to fully account for interactions between metabolites, rely on a priori selected input features and thus might suffer from poorer accuracy. Supervised machine learning methods can potentially be used in order to fully exploit the dimensionality and richness of the data. In this paper, we systematically implement and evaluate a set of supervised learning methods (L1 regression, random forest classifier) and compare them to t…
Deep Shape Regression for Planar Curves with Multimodal Covariates
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany（柏林洪堡大学）；Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany（人工智能与脑健康赫特研究所）；Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany（图宾根大学）；Hasso Plattner Institut, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany（哈索·普拉特纳研究所）
University of California, Los Angeles（加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校）；Cornell University（康奈尔大学）
We demonstrate the applicability of model-agnostic algorithms for meta-learning, specifically Reptile, to GNN models in molecular regression tasks. Using meta-learning we are able to learn new chemical prediction tasks with only a few model updates, as compared to using randomly initialized GNNs which require learning each regression task from scratch. We experimentally show that GNN layer expressivity is correlated to improved meta-learning. Additionally, we also experiment with GNN emsembles which yield best performance and rapid convergence for k-shot learning.
Honda Research Institute, USA（美国本田研究院）；Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）
The Tactical Driver Behavior modeling problem requires understanding of driver actions in complicated urban scenarios from a rich multi modal signals including video, LiDAR and CAN bus data streams. However, the majority of deep learning research is focused either on learning the vehicle/environment state (sensor fusion) or the driver policy (from temporal data), but not both. Learning both tasks end-to-end offers the richest distillation of knowledge, but presents challenges in formulation and successful training. In this work, we propose promising first steps in this direction. Inspired by t…
NEC Laboratories Europe（欧洲NEC实验室）；Josef Stefan Institute（约瑟夫·斯特凡研究所）
Ensembles are popular methods for solving practical supervised learning problems. They reduce the risk of having underperforming models in production-grade software. Although critical, methods for learning heterogeneous regression ensembles have not been proposed at large scale, whereas in classical ML literature, stacking, cascading and voting are mostly restricted to classification problems. Regression poses distinct learning challenges that may result in poor performance, even when using well established homogeneous ensemble schemas such as bagging or boosting. In this paper, we introduce M…
Multimodal Physical Activity Forecasting in Free-Living Clinical Settings: Hunting Opportunities for Just-in-Time Interventions
College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学健康解决方案学院）；School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学计算与增强智能学院）；Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学埃德森护理与健康创新学院）
IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center（IBM托马斯·J·沃森研究中心）
Generating high quality uncertainty estimates for sequential regression, particularly deep recurrent networks, remains a challenging and open problem. Existing approaches often make restrictive assumptions (such as stationarity) yet still perform poorly in practice, particularly in presence of real world non-stationary signals and drift. This paper describes a flexible method that can generate symmetric and asymmetric uncertainty estimates, makes no assumptions about stationarity, and outperforms competitive baselines on both drift and non drift scenarios. This work helps make sequential regre…
Trinity College Dublin（都柏林圣三一学院）；Maynooth University（梅努斯大学）
Understanding hand-object pose with computer vision opens the door to new applications in mixed reality, assisted living or human-robot interaction. Most methods are trained and evaluated on balanced datasets. This is of limited use in real-world applications; how do these methods perform in the wild on unknown objects? We propose a novel benchmark for object group distribution shifts in hand and object pose regression. We then test the hypothesis that meta-learning a baseline pose regression neural network can adapt to these shifts and generalize better to unknown objects. Our results show me…
In recent years, multimodal AI has seen an upward trend as researchers are integrating data of different types such as text, images, speech into modelling to get the best results. This project leverages multimodal AI and matrix factorization techniques for representation learning, on text and image data simultaneously, thereby employing the widely used techniques of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Computer Vision. The learnt representations are evaluated using downstream classification and regression tasks. The methodology adopted can be extended beyond the scope of this project as it us…
In regression tasks the distribution of the data is often too complex to be fitted by a single model. In contrast, partition-based models are developed where data is divided and fitted by local models. These models partition the input space and do not leverage the input-output dependency of multimodal-distributed data, and strong local models are needed to make good predictions. Addressing these problems, we propose a binary tree-structured hierarchical routing mixture of experts (HRME) model that has classifiers as non-leaf node experts and simple regression models as leaf node experts. The c…
MIT CSAIL（麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室）；Google Health（谷歌健康）
Metadata are general characteristics of the data in a well-curated and condensed format, and have been proven to be useful for decision making, knowledge discovery, and also heterogeneous data organization of biobank. Among all data types in the biobank, pathology is the key component of the biobank and also serves as the gold standard of diagnosis. To maximize the utility of biobank and allow the rapid progress of biomedical science, it is essential to organize the data with well-populated pathology metadata. However, manual annotation of such information is tedious and time-consuming. In the…
Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Northeast Normal University（先进跨学科研究院，东北师范大学）；Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University（人工智能研究院，北航）；Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics（应用物理与计算数学研究院）；National Key Laboratory of Computational Physics（计算物理国家重点实验室）；School of Mathematical Sciences, East China Normal University（数学科学学院，华东师范大学）；Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Mathematics（上海张江数学研究所）
This paper addresses the meta-learning problem in sparse linear regression with infinite tasks. We assume that the learner can access several similar tasks. The goal of the learner is to transfer knowledge from the prior tasks to a similar but novel task. For p parameters, size of the support set k , and l samples per task, we show that T \in O (( k log(p) ) /l ) tasks are sufficient in order to recover the common support of all tasks. With the recovered support, we can greatly reduce the sample complexity for estimating the parameter of the novel task, i.e., l \in O (1) with respect to T and …
