基于方向性引导的无目的反馈分布式发射波束形成
Destination-Feedback Free Distributed Transmit Beamforming using Guided Directionality
摘要：
分布式发射波束成形使合作无线电能够充当一个虚拟天线阵列，将其通信范围扩展到单个无线电的能力之外。大多数现有的分布式波束成形方法依赖于目的地无线电发送反馈来调整发射机的信号以进行相干组合。然而，依赖目标无线电的反馈将通信范围限制为单个无线电的范围。现有的无目的地反馈方法依赖于相位同步和以亚波长精度知道节点位置，这对于安装在高移动性平台（如UAV）上的无线电设备变得不切实际。在这项工作中，我们提出并证明了一个目的地反馈的分布式波束成形方法，利用无线电的移动性和粗略的位置信息在一个占主导地位的视线信道。在所提出的方法中，一个无线电设备充当向导，并移动以将其余无线电设备的波束指向目的地。我们指定的无线电的位置要求，并验证其在目的地使用模拟的组合信号的关系。使用软件定义的无线电实现了概念验证演示，仅依靠四个无线电的粗略放置，在波束形成方向上显示出高达9dB的SNR改善。
英文摘要：
Distributed transmit beamforming enables cooperative radios to act as one virtual antenna array, extending their communications' range beyond the capabilities of a single radio. Most existing distributed beamforming approaches rely on the destination radio sending feedback to adjust the transmitters' signals for coherent combining. However, relying on the destination radio's feedback limits the communications range to that of a single radio. Existing destination-feedback-free approaches rely on phase synchronization and knowing the node locations with sub-wavelength accuracy, which becomes impractical for radios mounted on high-mobility platforms like UAVs. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a destination-feedback-free distributed beamforming approach that leverages the radio's mobility and coarse location information in a dominant line-of-sight channel. In the proposed approach, one radio acts as a guide and moves to point the beam of the remaining radios towards the destination. We specify the radios' position requirements and verify their relation to the combined signal at the destination using simulations. A proof of concept demo was implemented using software defined radios, showing up to 9dB SNR improvement in the beamforming direction just by relying on the coarse placement of four radios.
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