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arXiv 2108.01243stat.MEcs.ITmath.ITq-fin.ST
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关于不完全数据的极大似然的一些结果:有限样本性质和恢复的改进M-估计

Some results on maximum likelihood from incomplete data: finite sample properties and improved M-estimator for resampling

Budhi Arta Surya

摘要:

本文给出了不完全数据的极大似然估计的一些结果。建立了条件观测信息矩阵的有限样本性质。它们具有正定性和与期望信息矩阵相同的Loewner偏序。观测的费舍尔信息(OFI)的显式形式推导出的ML估计的标准误的计算。它简化了Louis(1982)的OFI矩阵的一般公式。为了避免由于OFI矩阵的稀疏性和规模过大而导致求逆矩阵的错误,给出了求逆矩阵的单调收敛递归方程,推广了Hero和Fessler(1994)求Cramér-Rao下界的算法.为了提高估计,特别是当应用重复采样不完整的数据,一个强大的M-估计。提出了一种协方差阵的封闭型三明治估计量,以提供M-估计量的标准误。由于有限样本不完全数据中的信息损失,三明治估计量产生的M估计量的标准误比ML估计量小。在完全信息或不存在重采样的情况下,M估计量与ML估计量一致。最后讨论了在状态转换条件马尔可夫跳过程的参数估计中的应用。仿真研究证实了M-估计的准确性和渐近性质。

英文摘要:

This paper presents some results on the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation from incomplete data. Finite sample properties of conditional observed information matrices are established. They possess positive definiteness and the same Loewner partial ordering as the expected information matrices do. An explicit form of the observed Fisher information (OFI) is derived for the calculation of standard errors of the ML estimates. It simplifies Louis (1982) general formula for the OFI matrix. To prevent from getting an incorrect inverse of the OFI matrix, which may be attributed by the lack of sparsity and large size of the matrix, a monotone convergent recursive equation for the inverse matrix is developed which in turn generalizes the algorithm of Hero and Fessler (1994) for the Cramér-Rao lower bound. To improve the estimation, in particular when applying repeated sampling to incomplete data, a robust M-estimator is introduced. A closed form sandwich estimator of covariance matrix is proposed to provide the standard errors of the M-estimator. By the resulting loss of information presented in finite-sample incomplete data, the sandwich estimator produces smaller standard errors for the M-estimator than the ML estimates. In the case of complete information or absence of re-sampling, the M-estimator coincides with the ML estimates. Application to parameter estimation of a regime switching conditional Markov jump process is discussed to verify the results. The simulation study confirms the accuracy and asymptotic properties of the M-estimator.

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