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arXiv 2108.00834astro-ph.IM
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模式谱和卷积神经网络在分析模拟切伦科夫望远镜阵列数据中的应用

Application of pattern spectra and convolutional neural networks to the analysis of simulated Cherenkov Telescope Array data

J. Aschersleben, R. F. Peletier, M. Vecchi, M. H. F. Wilkinson

摘要:

切伦科夫望远镜阵列(CTA)将成为下一代伽马射线天文台,并将成为未来十年甚高能天文学的主要全球仪器,其通量灵敏度比当前一代伽马射线望远镜高5 - 10倍。每台望远镜将通过捕获地面上的诱发切伦科夫发射,提供伽马射线诱发粒子簇射的快照。对这些事件的模拟提供了图像,这些图像可以用作卷积神经网络(CNN)的训练数据,以确定初始伽马射线的能量。与其他最先进的算法相比,基于CNN的分析有望进一步提高CTA的性能。模式谱是用于图像分类的常用工具,并且提供包括图像的各种对象的形状和尺寸的分布。在模式光谱上使用相对较浅的CNN将利用模式光谱的2D性质,自动选择图像内相关特征的组合。在这项工作中,我们从模拟的伽马射线事件中生成模式谱,而不是使用原始图像本身,以便训练我们的CNN进行能量重建。这与过去尝试的其他相关学习和特征选择方法不同。因此,我们的目标是获得一个显着更快,更少的计算密集型算法,以最小的性能损失。

英文摘要:

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory and will be the major global instrument for very-high-energy astronomy over the next decade, offering 5 - 10 x better flux sensitivity than current generation gamma-ray telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to determine the energy of the initial gamma rays. Compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms, analyses based on CNNs promise to further enhance the performance to be achieved by CTA. Pattern spectra are commonly used tools for image classification and provide the distributions of the shapes and sizes of various objects comprising an image. The use of relatively shallow CNNs on pattern spectra would automatically select relevant combinations of features within an image, taking advantage of the 2D nature of pattern spectra. In this work, we generate pattern spectra from simulated gamma-ray events instead of using the raw images themselves in order to train our CNN for energy reconstruction. This is different from other relevant learning and feature selection methods that have been tried in the past. Thereby, we aim to obtain a significantly faster and less computationally intensive algorithm, with minimal loss of performance.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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