高红移时尘埃颗粒的生长：星爆驱动的CMB暗超壳层
Dust Grain Growth at High Redshift: Starburst-driven CMB-Dark Supershells
摘要：
我们提出了一个新的方案，在高红移星系（$z\sim 6$）的尘埃颗粒的增长。在我们的模型中，来自大质量星团的机械反馈在高密度的预富集介质中演化，允许将大量物质堆积成大质量的超壳层。如果超壳层内的气体金属丰度（$\geq$ Z $_{\odot}$）、数密度（$\geq 10^6$ cm $^{-3}$）和尘埃与气体的质量比（$\sim 1/150 \times Z$）足够大，这样的超壳层可能会变得光学厚，以至于从它们的主星团发出的星光，甚至宇宙微波背景辐射（CMB）。半解析模型的基础上，我们认为，这种机制，发生在大规模（$\geq 10^7$ M $_{\odot}$）的情况下，分子云托管$\geq 10^6$ M $_{\odot}$星团，允许大量的气体和尘埃获得的温度低于CMB，因此尘埃颗粒的生长可能会发生轻松。在总恒星质量为$M_{*}$的星系中，超壳层内的颗粒生长可能会使尘埃质量增加$\sim 10^6$ M $_{\odot}$ $(M_{*}/10^{8}$ M $_{\odot}$）。
英文摘要：
We present a novel scenario for the growth of dust grains in galaxies at high-redshift ($z\sim 6$). In our model, the mechanical feedback from massive star clusters evolving within high-density pre-enriched media allows to pile-up a large amount of matter into massive supershells. If the gas metallicity ($\geq$ Z$_{\odot}$), number density ($\geq 10^6$ cm$^{-3}$) and dust-to-gas mass ratio ($\sim 1/150 \times Z$) within the supershell are sufficiently large, such supershells may become optically thick to the starlight emerging from their host star clusters and even to radiation from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Based on semi-analytic models, we argue that this mechanism, occurring in the case of massive ($\geq 10^7$ M$_{\odot}$) molecular clouds hosting $\geq 10^6$ M$_{\odot}$ star clusters, allows a large mass of gas and dust to acquire a temperature below that of the CMB, whereupon dust grain growth may occur with ease. In galaxies with total stellar mass $M_{*}$, grain growth within supershells may increase the dust mass by $\sim 10^6$ M$_{\odot}$ $(M_{*}/10^{8}$ M$_{\odot}$).
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