存在移动缺陷和障碍物时的停留时间
Residence time in presence of moving defects and obstacles
摘要：
我们讨论了在存在移动缺陷或障碍物的情况下，粒子进行一维随机行走的停留时间的性质。更准确地说，对于一个被调节为通过右端点退出的粒子，我们测量了在存在缺陷的情况下穿过整个晶格所需的典型时间。我们发现明确的公式的停留时间，并讨论了几种模型的移动障碍。障碍物运动的随机更新规则的存在使静态障碍物的情况下发现的局部停留时间曲线平滑。最后，我们讨论了应用问题的连接，如行人运动中存在的队列和径流池中的水流的停留时间。
英文摘要：
We discuss the properties of the residence time in presence of moving defects or obstacles for a particle performing a one dimensional random walk. More precisely, for a particle conditioned to exit through the right endpoint, we measure the typical time needed to cross the entire lattice in presence of defects. We find explicit formulae for the residence time and discuss several models of moving obstacles. The presence of a stochastic updating rule for the motion of the obstacle smoothens the local residence time profiles found in the case of a static obstacle. We finally discuss connections with applicative problems, such as the pedestrian motion in presence of queues and the residence time of water flows in runoff ponds.
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