There exists a number of astronomical spectral phenomena that have remained unidentified after decades of extensive observations. The diffuse interstellar bands, the 220 nm feature, unidentified infrared emission bands, extended red emissions, and 21 and 30 $μ$m emission features are seen in a wide variety of astrophysical environments. The strengths of these features suggest that they originate from chemical compounds made of common elements, possibly organic in nature. The quest to understand how such organic materials are synthesized and distributed across the Galaxy represents a major challenge to our understanding of the chemical content of the Universe.
Understanding the nucleosynthetic origin of nitrogen and the evolution of the N/O ratio in the interstellar medium is crucial for a comprehensive picture of galaxy chemical evolution at high-redshift because most observational metallicity (O/H) estimates are implicitly dependent on the N/O ratio. The observed N/O at high-redshift shows an overall constancy with O/H, albeit with a large scatter. We show that these heretofore unexplained features can be explained by the pre-supernova wind yields from rotating massive stars (M$\gtrsim 10 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$, $v/v_{\rm{crit}} \gtrsim 0.4$). Our m…
This paper tries to establish whether there are variations of the central wavelengths or the profile shapes of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) and whether these variations are caused by different physical parameters of translucent clouds. For this purpose we used spectra of two stars seen through two different single clouds: HD34078 (AE Aur) \& HD73882 acquired using two different instruments: the MIKE spectrograph, fed with the 6.5 m Magellan telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, and the UVES, fed with the 8 m Kueyen telescope at the Paranal observatory. The wavelength displacements of the…
The multiphase interstellar medium as a common origin for magnetic misalignment and TB parity violation
LUX, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS（巴黎天文台，巴黎文理研究大学，索邦大学）；INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切里天文台）；Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris（巴黎高等师范学院物理实验室，巴黎文理研究大学，索邦大学）；Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院物理系）；TAPIR, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院理论天体物理学与相对论研究中心）
Segmenting Superbubbles in a Simulated Multiphase Interstellar Medium using Computer Vision
University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus（不列颠哥伦比亚大学奥肯那根校区）；Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory, Herzberg Research Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, National Research Council Canada（加拿大国家研究委员会赫茨伯格天文学与天体物理学研究中心自治领射电天体物理观测台）；University of Western Ontario（西安大略大学）；University of Calgary（卡尔加里大学）
It has been known for half a century that the interstellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy is structured on scales as small as a few hundred km, more than 10 orders of magnitude smaller than typical ISM structures and energy input scales. In this review we focus on neutral and ionized structures on spatial scales of a few to ~10^4 Astronomical Units (AU) which appear to be highly overpressured, as these have the most important role in the dynamics and energy balance of interstellar gas: the Tiny Scale Atomic Structure (TSAS) and Extreme Scattering Events (ESEs) as the most over-pressured example of…
In this white paper we introduce the IMAGINE Consortium and its scientific background, goals and structure. Our purpose is to coordinate and facilitate the efforts of a diverse group of researchers in the broad areas of the interstellar medium, Galactic magnetic fields and cosmic rays, and our goal is to develop more comprehensive insights into the structures and roles of interstellar magnetic fields and their interactions with cosmic rays. To achieve a higher level of self-consistency, depth and rigour can only be achieved by the coordinated efforts of experts in diverse areas of astrophysics…
Equation vs. AI: Predict Density and Measure Width of molecular clouds by Multiscale Decomposition
Nanjing University（南京大学）；South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research, Yunnan University（云南大学西南天体物理研究所）；University of Virginia（弗吉尼亚大学）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）
Scientific Objectives of the Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter Submillimeter Telescope
Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）；School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文与空间科学学院）；Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所）；School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University（南京大学天文与空间科学学院）；Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院云南天文台）；Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University（北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所）
Surveying the Whirlpool at Arcseconds with NOEMA (SWAN). IV. Extent of active galactic nucleus feedback on the interstellar medium
Universität Bonn（波恩大学）；Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (IGN)（国家天文台（西班牙地理与测绘研究所））；The Ohio State University（俄亥俄州立大学）；Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University（俄亥俄州立大学宇宙学与天体粒子物理中心）；National Astronomical Observatory of Japan（日本国立天文台）；Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所）；University of Arkansas（阿肯色大学）
The new generation of low-frequency radio telescopes, such as the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR: a Square Kilometre Array-low pathfinder), provides advancements in our capability of probing Galactic magnetism through low-frequency polarimetry. Maps of diffuse polarized radio emission and Faraday rotation can be used to infer properties of, and trace structure in, the magnetic fields in the ISM. However, to date very little of the sky has been probed at high angular and Faraday depth resolution. We observed a 5x5 degree region centred on the nearby galaxy IC342 using LOFAR in the frequency range 1…
