走向量化信任动态：人们如何在与自动化进行即时交互后调整他们的信任
Toward quantifying trust dynamics: How people adjust their trust after moment-to-moment interaction with automation
摘要：
目的：我们研究人类操作员如何调整他们的信任，自动化作为他们的时刻到时刻的互动与自动化。背景：大多数现有的研究通过在实验结束时进行问卷调查来测量信任。只有有限数量的研究将信任视为一个动态变量，可以随着时间的推移而增强或减弱。方法：75名被试参加了辅助记忆再认任务。在这项任务中，参与者观看了一系列图像，然后进行了40次识别任务的试验，以识别出有干扰物的目标图像。在每次试验中，参与者自己进行初始识别，从自动决策辅助系统中获得建议，并进行最终识别。每次试验后，参与者都要在视觉模拟量表上报告他们的信任度。结果：结果偏差和对比效应显著影响人类操作员的信任调整。如果最终结果不理想，自动化失败会导致更大的信任递减，如果人类操作员自己成功完成任务，则会导致更大的信任递减。如果人类操作员未能完成任务，则自动化成功会产生更大的信任增量。此外，自动化失败比自动化成功对信任调整的影响更大。结论：人类操作员调整他们对自动化的信任，这是他们与自动化进行即时交互的结果。他们的信任调整显着影响的决策技巧/偏见。适用范围：了解信任调整过程可以准确预测操作员对自动化的时刻信任，并为信任感知自适应自动化的设计提供信息。
英文摘要：
Objective: We examine how human operators adjust their trust in automation as a result of their moment-to-moment interaction with automation. Background: Most existing studies measured trust by administering questionnaires at the end of an experiment. Only a limited number of studies viewed trust as a dynamic variable that can strengthen or decay over time. Method: Seventy-five participants took part in an aided memory recognition task. In the task, participants viewed a series of images and later on performed 40 trials of the recognition task to identify a target image when it was presented with a distractor. In each trial, participants performed the initial recognition by themselves, received a recommendation from an automated decision aid, and performed the final recognition. After each trial, participants reported their trust on a visual analog scale. Results: Outcome bias and contrast effect significantly influence human operators' trust adjustments. An automation failure leads to a larger trust decrement if the final outcome is undesirable, and a marginally larger trust decrement if the human operator succeeds the task by him-/her-self. An automation success engenders a greater trust increment if the human operator fails the task. Additionally, automation failures have a larger effect on trust adjustment than automation successes. Conclusion: Human operators adjust their trust in automation as a result of their moment-to-moment interaction with automation. Their trust adjustments are significantly influenced by decision-making heuristics/biases. Application: Understanding the trust adjustment process enables accurate prediction of the operators' moment-to-moment trust in automation and informs the design of trust-aware adaptive automation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
