量子点作为基础物理的探针：偏离指数衰减定律
Quantum dots as a probe of fundamental physics: Deviation from exponential decay law
摘要：
我们探讨了在纯量子系统中测量偏离指数衰减律的可能性。在量子力学中预测了衰变时间曲线的后期幂律行为，并且已经在实验上尝试检测，但是除了在开放系统中的声明之外，都失败了。研究发现，电子从人造原子（量子点）中的共振态隧穿，有很好的机会检测到偏离，并检验理论预测。初始不稳定态的制备方式对衰减规律的时间分布有很大的影响，这可以用来提前确定幂律的开始时间。通过与核α衰变类似过程的比较，讨论了发现偏差的问题，解释了在这种情况下存在困难的原因。
英文摘要：
We explore a possibility of measuring deviation from the exponential decay law in pure quantum systems. The power law behavior at late times of decay time profile is predicted in quantum mechanics, and has been experimentally attempted to detect, but with failures except a claim in an open system. It is found that electron tunneling from resonance state confined in man-made atoms, quantum dots, has a good chance of detecting the deviation and testing theoretical predictions. How initial unstable state is prepared influences greatly the time profile of decay law, and this can be used to set the onset time of the power law at earlier times. Comparison with similar process of nuclear alpha decay to discover the deviation is discussed, to explain why there exists a difficulty in this case.
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