arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2107.00841cs.CL
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ClueReader:面向多跳机器阅读理解的异构图注意力网络

ClueReader: Heterogeneous Graph Attention Network for Multi-hop Machine Reading Comprehension

Qufu Normal University(曲阜师范大学);East China Normal University(华东师范大学);Shanghai Institute of AI for Education(上海人工智能教育研究院);Harbin Institute of Technology(哈尔滨工业大学);HUTECH University(胡志明市工业大学);Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI)(安达卢西亚数据科学与计算智能研究院(DaSCI));University of Granada(格拉纳达大学);Iwate Prefectural University(岩手县立大学)

Peng Gao, Feng Gao, Peng Wang, Jian-Cheng Ni, Fei Wang, Hamido Fujita

AI总结:

针对多跳机器阅读理解中现有模型推理逻辑与人类不一致的问题,提出模拟祖母细胞概念的异构图注意力网络ClueReader,实现推理可视化,在WikiHop、MedHop数据集上验证了有效性和跨领域应用可行性。

摘要:

多跳机器阅读理解是自然语言处理中一项具有挑战性的任务,因为它需要更强的跨多文档推理能力。基于图卷积网络的谱模型已展现出良好的推理能力,并取得了具有竞争力的结果。然而,部分模型的分析与推理过程和人类的推理逻辑并不一致。受认知神经科学中祖母细胞概念的启发,我们提出了一种名为ClueReader的异构图注意力网络模型,以模拟祖母细胞的概念。该模型旨在组装多层表示中的语义特征,并通过注意力机制自动集中或弱化推理所需的信息。ClueReader这一名称是对模型模式的隐喻:它将查询的主体视为线索的起点,将推理实体视为桥接点,将潜在的候选实体视为祖母细胞,而线索最终终止于候选实体。所提出的模型实现了推理图的可视化,使得分析连接实体的边的重要性以及提及节点与候选节点中的选择性成为可能,这在经验上更易于理解。在开放域多跳阅读数据集WikiHop和药物-药物相互作用数据集MedHop上的评估证明了ClueReader的有效性,并表明了该模型在分子生物学领域应用的可行性。

英文摘要:

Multi-hop machine reading comprehension is a challenging task in natural language processing as it requires more reasoning ability across multiple documents. Spectral models based on graph convolutional networks have shown good inferring abilities and lead to competitive results. However, the analysis and reasoning of some are inconsistent with those of humans. Inspired by the concept of grandmother cells in cognitive neuroscience, we propose a heterogeneous graph attention network model named ClueReader to imitate the grandmother cell concept. The model is designed to assemble the semantic features in multi-level representations and automatically concentrate or alleviate information for reasoning through the attention mechanism. The name ClueReader is a metaphor for the pattern of the model: it regards the subjects of queries as the starting points of clues, takes the reasoning entities as bridge points, considers the latent candidate entities as grandmother cells, and the clues end up in candidate entities. The proposed model enables the visualization of the reasoning graph, making it possible to analyze the importance of edges connecting entities and the selectivity in the mention and candidate nodes, which is easier to comprehend empirically. Evaluations on the open-domain multi-hop reading dataset WikiHop and drug-drug interaction dataset MedHop proved the validity of ClueReader and showed the feasibility of its application of the model in the molecular biology domain.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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