Higgs标量场作用下质子与电子质量比的宇宙变化
Cosmic Variation of Proton to Electron Mass Ratio with an interacting Higgs Scalar Field
摘要：
我们讨论了即使质子-电子质量比发生变化，也完全有可能实现宇宙在物质/辐射主导的减速和暗能量主导的加速之间的平稳过渡.该变化被纳入引力理论中，使用具有非平凡自相互作用势的宇宙学希格斯标量场，导致不同的希格斯真空期望值（VEV）。这与一系列类星体的分子吸收光谱数据吻合得很好。通过与晚期宇宙学的比较，证明了用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗模拟和JLA+OHD+BAO观测数据的一致性。我们发现，变化的模式是嵌入在不断发展的状态方程（EOS）的标量暗能量/物质组件，但留下可忽略不计的痕迹的有效状态方程的系统。本文讨论了标量扩展引力理论的三种情况：（a）最小耦合标量，（b）非最小耦合标量和（c）广义Brans-Dicke体系。我们还给出了一个玩具模型的统一宇宙的历史，从通货膨胀到现在的时代，并讨论如何希格VEV可能会改变作为一个功能的回望时间。
英文摘要：
We discuss that it is quite possible to realize the smooth transition of the universe between a matter/radiation dominated deceleration and a dark energy dominated acceleration, even with a variation of proton-to-electron mass ratio. The variation is incorporated into the theory of gravity using a cosmological Higgs scalar field with a non-trivial self-interaction potential, leading to a varying Higgs vacuum expectation value (VEV). This matches well with the data from molecular absorption spectra of a series of Quasars. In comparison with late-time cosmology, an observational consistency is reached using a Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation and JLA+OHD+BAO data sets. We find that the pattern of variation is embedded within the evolving Equation of State (EOS) of the scalar Dark Energy/Matter components, but leaves negligible trace on the effective EOS of the system. We discuss three cases of scalar extended theory of gravity, (a) a minimally coupled scalar, (b) a non-minimally coupled scalar and (c) a generalized Brans-Dicke setup. We also give a toy model of a unified cosmic history from inflation to the present era and discuss how the Higg VEV might have changed as a function of look back time.
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