DeepLoc：一种无处不在的精确低开销室外蜂窝定位系统
DeepLoc: A Ubiquitous Accurate and Low-Overhead Outdoor Cellular Localization System
摘要：
近年来，户外基于位置的服务快速增长。虽然GPS被认为是一种无处不在的定位系统，但它不受低端手机的支持，需要直接瞄准卫星，并且可以快速耗尽手机电池。在本文中，我们提出了DeepLoc：一种基于深度学习的户外定位系统，可以在没有限制的情况下获得类似GPS的定位精度。具体而言，DeepLoc利用从移动终端听到的不同蜂窝塔接收到的无处不在的蜂窝信号作为定位它的提示。为此，来自不同蜂窝塔的人群感知地理标记的接收信号强度信息用于训练用于推断用户位置的深度模型。作为DeepLoc设计的一部分，我们引入了一些模块来解决一些实际挑战，包括将数据汇集扩展到大面积，处理蜂窝信号和地理标记数据中的固有噪声，以及以低开销提供深度学习模型所需的足够数据。我们在不同的Android设备上实现了DeepLoc。在现实城市和农村环境中的评估结果表明，DeepLoc可以在城市地区实现18.8米的中位定位精度，在农村地区实现15.7米的中位定位精度。这种精度比最先进的基于蜂窝的系统高出470%以上，与GPS相比节省了330%的功率。这突出了DeepLoc作为一个无处不在的准确和低开销定位系统的承诺。
英文摘要：
Recent years have witnessed fast growth in outdoor location-based services. While GPS is considered a ubiquitous localization system, it is not supported by low-end phones, requires direct line of sight to the satellites, and can drain the phone battery quickly. In this paper, we propose DeepLoc: a deep learning-based outdoor localization system that obtains GPS-like localization accuracy without its limitations. In particular, DeepLoc leverages the ubiquitous cellular signals received from the different cell towers heard by the mobile device as hints to localize it. To do that, crowd-sensed geo-tagged received signal strength information coming from different cell towers is used to train a deep model that is used to infer the user's position. As part of DeepLoc design, we introduce modules to address a number of practical challenges including scaling the data collection to large areas, handling the inherent noise in the cellular signal and geo-tagged data, as well as providing enough data that is required for deep learning models with low-overhead. We implemented DeepLoc on different Android devices. Evaluation results in realistic urban and rural environments show that DeepLoc can achieve a median localization accuracy within 18.8m in urban areas and within 15.7m in rural areas. This accuracy outperforms the state-of-the-art cellular-based systems by more than 470% and comes with 330% savings in power compared to the GPS. This highlights the promise of DeepLoc as a ubiquitous accurate and low-overhead localization system.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
