在贝叶斯推断框架下的假轻子估计似然方法的重新表述
Reformulation of a likelihood approach to fake-lepton estimation in the framework of Bayesian inference
摘要：
瞬发孤立轻子在高能粒子物理学的许多分析中是必不可少的，但受到假轻子背景的影响，即模仿轻子签名的对象。假轻子背景很难通过模拟来估计，通常直接从数据中确定。一种流行的方法是矩阵法，然而，它有几个局限性。本文概括了另一种方法的基础上，可能性与泊松约束，并重新制定了问题，从不同的出发点，贝叶斯统计的框架。这两种方法的平等性和几种情况下进行了研究，其中矩阵方法是有限的。此外，在一个顶夸克测量的例子中，我们重新计算了假轻子背景，并与用矩阵方法估计的结果进行了比较。
英文摘要：
Prompt isolated leptons are essential in many analyses in high-energy particle physics but are subject to fake-lepton background, i.e. objects that mimic the lepton signature. The fake-lepton background is difficult to estimate from simulation and is often directly determined from data. A popular method is the matrix method, which however suffers from several limitations. This paper recapitulates an alternative approach based on a likelihood with Poisson constraints and reformulates the problem from a different starting point in the framework of Bayesian statistics. The equality of both approaches is shown and several cases are studied in which the matrix method is limited. In addition, the fake lepton background is recalculated and compared to the estimate with the matrix method in an example top-quark measurement.
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