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arXiv 2106.10073hep-ph
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质子衰变可观测的$SU(5) \times U(1)_X$轴子模型

$SU(5) \times U(1)_X$ Axion Model with Observable Proton Decay

Nobuchika Okada, Digesh Raut, Qaisar Shafi

备注：
20 pages, 3 figures, Figures 1 and 2 revised, updated version accepted for publication in PRD
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. D 104, 055041 (2021)
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摘要：

我们提出了一个$SU(5) \times U(1)_X \times U(1)_{PQ}$模型，其中$U(1)_X$是$B-L$（重子减轻子数）规范对称性的推广，$U(1)_{PQ}$是整体Peccei-Quinn（PQ）对称性.在$SU(5)$的$\bf{\overline 5} + \bf{10}$表示中有四个费米子族，在$\bf{5}+\bf{\overline {10}}$表示中有一个镜像费米子族，以及三个$SU(5)$单线态马约拉纳费米子。$U(1)_X$相关的异常都取消了马约拉纳中微子的存在。在$M_{GUT} \simeq (6-9)\times 10^{15}$ GeV处，$SU(5)$对称性被破坏，质子寿命$τ_p$估计在未来超神冈实验的预期灵敏度范围内，$τ_p \lesssim 1.3 \times 10^{35}$年。$SU(5)$破缺也触发了PQ对称性的破缺，导致了轴子暗物质（DM），轴子衰变常数$f_a$为$M_{GUT}$或更大。CASPEr实验可以寻找这样的轴子DM候选者。膨胀期间的哈勃参数必须很低，$H_{inf} \lesssim 10^9 $ GeV，以成功地解决轴子畴壁，轴子DM等曲率和$SU(5)$的问题。通过对破缺Higgs场的$U(1)_X$与暴胀子场的鉴别，实现了拐点暴胀，从而实现了对$H_{inf}$的期望值.模型中的类矢量费米子对于实现SM规范耦合的成功统一以及轴子DM和暴胀场景的唯象可行性是必不可少的。

英文摘要：

We propose a $SU(5) \times U(1)_X \times U(1)_{PQ}$ model, where $U(1)_X$ is the generalization of the $B-L$ (baryon minus lepton number) gauge symmetry and $U(1)_{PQ}$ is the global Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry. There are four fermions families in $\bf{\overline 5} + \bf{10}$ representations of $SU(5)$, a mirror family in $\bf{5}+\bf{\overline {10}}$ representations, and three $SU(5)$ singlet Majorana fermions. The $U(1)_X$ related anomalies all cancel in the presence of the Majorana neutrinos. The $SU(5)$ symmetry is broken at $M_{GUT} \simeq (6-9)\times 10^{15}$ GeV and the proton lifetime $τ_p$ is estimated to be well within the expected sensitivity of the future Hyper-Kamiokande experiment, $τ_p \lesssim 1.3 \times 10^{35}$ years. The $SU(5)$ breaking also triggers the breaking of the PQ symmetry, resulting in axion dark matter (DM), with the axion decay constant $f_a$ of order $M_{GUT}$ or somewhat larger. The CASPEr experiment can search for such an axion DM candidate. The Hubble parameter during inflation must be low, $H_{inf} \lesssim 10^9 $ GeV, in order to successfully resolve the axion domain wall, axion DM isocurvature and $SU(5)$ monopole problems. With the identification of the $U(1)_X$ breaking Higgs field with the inflaton field, we implement inflection-point inflation, which is capable of realizing the desired value for $H_{inf}$. The vectorlike fermions in the model are essential for achieving successful unification of the SM gauge couplings as well as the phenomenological viability of both axion DM and inflation scenario.

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