梯子系统中的挫折吸引力
Attraction from frustration in ladder systems
摘要：
我们分析了两组份玻色子和两组份费米子系统中具有阻挫动能的阶梯中多粒子束缚态的形成。我们专注于轻掺杂的制度相对于绝缘状态在半填充，自旋极化接近100%，强排斥相互作用。这些系统的一个特殊特征是结合能与单粒子隧穿$t$而不是交换相互作用成比例，因为有效的吸引力来自于减轻动力学挫折。对于Z字形阶梯上的两个组分费米系统，我们发现空穴和翻转自旋（磁振子）之间的束缚态，其结合能可以与$0.6t$一样大。我们表明，磁振子空穴吸引导致形成的集群组成的几个洞和磁振子和阐述反铁磁相关的横向自旋组件内的集群。我们确定了几个多体状态，导致从多粒子束缚态的自组织，包括一个Luttinger液体的空穴-磁振子对和密度波状态的两个空穴-三个磁振子复合物。我们建立了玻色和费米系统的光谱之间的对称性，并利用它来建立反束缚态的存在，在两个组件玻色混合物与SU（2）对称排斥的锯齿形阶梯。我们还考虑了玻色和费米系统的一个正方形阶梯通量和证明，这两个系统支持束缚态。我们讨论了多粒子束缚态在平衡态和动力学实验中的实验特征。我们指出了这些系统和QCD中的夸克袋模型之间有趣的联系。
英文摘要：
We analyze the formation of multi-particle bound states in ladders with frustrated kinetic energy in two component bosonic and two component fermionic systems. We focus on the regime of light doping relative to insulating states at half-filling, spin polarization close to 100 percent, and strong repulsive interactions. A special feature of these systems is that the binding energy scales with single particle tunneling $t$ rather than exchange interactions, since effective attraction arises from alleviating kinetic frustration. For two component Fermi systems on a zigzag ladder we find a bound state between a hole and a flipped spin (magnon) with a binding energy that can be as large as $0.6t$. We demonstrate that magnon-hole attraction leads to formation of clusters comprised of several holes and magnons and expound on antiferromagentic correlations for the transverse spin components inside the clusters. We identify several many-body states that result from self-organization of multi-particle bound states, including a Luttinger liquid of hole-magnon pairs and a density wave state of two hole - three magnon composites. We establish a symmetry between the spectra of Bose and Fermi systems and use it to establish the existence of antibound states in two component Bose mixtures with SU(2) symmetric repulsion on a zigzag ladder. We also consider Bose and Fermi systems on a square ladder with flux and demonstrate that both systems support bound states. We discuss experimental signatures of multi-particle bound states in both equilibrium and dynamical experiments. We point out intriguing connections between these systems and the quark bag model in QCD.
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