外部服务感知（ESS）：研究框架、挑战与机遇
External Service Sensing (ESS): Research Framework, Challenges and Opportunities
摘要：
基于Web的服务的蓬勃发展催生了研究领域\textit{services computing}，自近20年前以来，它是一个快速发展的学术团体。在服务计算中，服务选择、服务组合、服务推荐和服务质量预测等一系列有代表性的研究问题已经取得了共识。一个显而易见的事实是，大多数服务都保持着不断的变化，以及时适应外部业务/技术环境的变化和内部发展战略的变化。然而，传统的服务计算研究没有充分考虑这些变化。许多工作将服务视为\textit{static}实体，这导致了一些提出的模型/算法在现实世界中不起作用的情况。感知各种类型的服务变化对于服务计算研究的实用性和合理性具有重要意义。定义了一个新的研究问题\textit{External Service Sensing}（ESS）以应对服务的各种变化，并提出了ESS的研究框架，该框架由感知对象、感知内容、感知渠道和感知技术4个正交维度组成，以阐述ESS的范围和边界。每一个具体的ESS问题的定义，结合不同的价值观在这些方面，现有的研究工作，有关服务的变化，可以很好地适应这个框架。真实世界的案例研究证明了ESS及其框架的合理性。最后，ESS研究的一些挑战和机遇，在服务计算社区的研究人员列出。据我们所知，这是第一次系统地定义服务变更相关的研究作为一个标准的服务计算问题，从而扩大了服务计算的研究范围。
英文摘要：
The flourish of web-based services gave birth to the research area \textit{services computing}, a rapidly-expanding academic community since nearly 20 years ago. Consensus has been reached on a set of representative research problems in services computing, such as service selection, service composition, service recommendation, and service quality prediction. An obvious fact is that most services keep constant changes to timely adapt to changes of external business/technical environment and changes of internal development strategies. However, traditional services computing research does not consider such changes sufficiently. Many works regard services as \textit{static} entities; this leads to the situation that some proposed models/algorithms do not work in real world. Sensing various types of service changes is of great significance to the practicability and rationality of services computing research. In this paper, a new research problem \textit{External Service Sensing} (ESS) is defined to cope with various changes in services, and a research framework of ESS is presented to elaborate the scope and boundary of ESS. This framework is composed of four orthogonal dimensions: sensing objects, sensing contents, sensing channels, and sensing techniques. Each concrete ESS problem is defined by combining different values in these dimensions, and existing research work related to service changes can be well adapted to this framework. Real-world case studies demonstrate the soundness of ESS and its framework. Finally, some challenges and opportunities in ESS research are listed for researchers in the services computing community. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to systematically define service change-related research as a standard services computing problem, and thus broadening the research scope of services computing.
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