在望远镜会聚光束上的透射全息图用于无狭缝分光光度法。1.重点和解决办法
A transmission hologram for slitless spectrophotometry on a convergent telescope beam. 1. Focus and resolution
摘要：
本文报道了一种平面全息光学元件的实验结果，这种元件可用作无狭缝摄谱仪的象差校正光栅，并插入会聚的望远镜光束中。我们的长期目标是优化特定的全息图，将Vera Rubin天文台的辅助望远镜成像仪转换为精确的无缝光谱仪，专用于大气传输测量。我们在这里介绍并讨论了CTIO $0.9\,$ m望远镜在2017年5月至6月的17个夜晚运行期间使用原型全息图进行测试的可喜结果。在它们的天空几何特征之后，通过分析从分光光度标准星和窄带发射行星状星云获得的光谱，确定了全息图作为像差平衡色散光学元件的性能。由于其额外的光学功能，我们的全息色散器原型允许在全可见波长域$[370,1050]\,$ nm内产生比常规光栅更好的聚焦光谱，而常规光栅在类似条件下使用时会产生强烈的散焦和像差。结果表明，装有全息图的无狭缝同轴光谱仪的分辨率接近其理论性能。在估计全息图对光谱分辨率的好处的同时，已经建立了为维拉鲁宾天文台辅助望远镜生产有竞争力的全息元件的路线图。
英文摘要：
We report in this paper the test of a plane holographic optical element to be used as an aberration-corrected grating for a slitless spectrograph, inserted in a convergent telescope beam. Our long term objective is the optimisation of a specific hologram to switch the auxiliary telescope imager of the Vera Rubin Observatory into an accurate slitless spectrograph, dedicated to the atmospheric transmission measurement. We present and discuss here the promising results of tests performed with prototype holograms at the CTIO $0.9\,$m telescope during a run of 17 nights in May-June 2017. After their on-sky geometrical characterisation, the performances of the holograms as aberration-balanced dispersive optical elements have been established by analysing spectra obtained from spectrophotometric standard stars and narrow-band emitter planetary nebulae. Thanks to their additional optical function, our holographic disperser prototypes allow to produce significantly better focused spectra within the full visible wavelength domain $[370,1050]\,$nm than a regular grating, which suffers from strong defocusing and aberrations when used in similar conditions. We show that the resolution of our slitless on-axis spectrograph equipped with the hologram approaches its theoretical performance. While estimating the benefits of an hologram for the spectrum resolution, the roadmap to produce a competitive holographic element for the Vera Rubin Observatory auxiliary telescope has been established.
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