海岸不平衡：大气扰动引起的海洋开尔文波
Coastal imbalance: generation of oceanic Kelvin waves by atmospheric perturbations
摘要：
一个半无限大的海洋对一个缓慢穿越海岸的大气扰动的响应，提供了一个边界引起的近地转平衡破裂的简单例子。我们在小罗斯贝数$\varepsilon \ll 1$的线性浅水模型中研究这种响应。使用匹配渐近，我们表明，一个长开尔文波，与$O(\varepsilon^{-1})$长度尺度和$O(\varepsilon)$振幅相对于准地转响应，产生的扰动穿过海岸。考虑到这种开尔文波，就恢复了在准地转近似中违反的质量守恒。
英文摘要：
The response of a semi-infinite ocean to a slowly travelling atmospheric perturbation crossing the coast provides a simple example of the breakdown of nearly geostrophic balance induced by a boundary. We examine this response in the linear shallow-water model at small Rossby number $\varepsilon \ll 1$. Using matched asymptotics we show that a long Kelvin wave, with $O(\varepsilon^{-1})$ length scale and $O(\varepsilon)$ amplitude relative to quasigeostrophic response, is generated as the perturbation crosses the coast. Accounting for this Kelvin wave restores the conservation of mass which is violated in the quasigeostrophic approximation.
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