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arXiv 2106.04737astro-ph.EP
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67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko彗星紫外辐射的空间分布

Spatial Distribution of Ultraviolet Emission from Cometary Activity at 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

John W. Noonan, Dominique Bockelée-Morvan, Paul D. Feldman, S. Alan Stern, Brian A. Keeney, Joel Wm. Parker, Nicolas Biver, Matthew M. Knight, Lori M. Feaga, Ma… 展开作者

John W. Noonan, Dominique Bockelée-Morvan, Paul D. Feldman, S. Alan Stern, Brian A. Keeney, Joel Wm. Parker, Nicolas Biver, Matthew M. Knight, Lori M. Feaga, Mark D. Hofstadter, Seungwon Lee, Ronald J. Vervack, Andrew J. Steffl, Rebecca N. Schindhelm, Jon Pineau, Richard Medina, Harold A. Weaver, Jean-Loup Bertaux, Michael F. A'Hearn

摘要:

\textit{Rosetta}轨道飞行器上的爱丽丝紫外光谱仪提供了从2014年8月到2016年9月抵达彗星67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko的彗星彗发的第一个近核紫外观测。在昏迷的原子和分子的排放特性揭示了意想不到的贡献解离电子碰撞排放在大日心距离和在一些爆发。这种机制也被证明对成分分析很有用,爱丽丝观察到许多情况,表明超挥发性\ce{O2}的水平升高,部分原因是它们的发射来自解离电子撞击。在本文中,我们展示了2015年11月7日至8日彗星活动增加期间Alice对67 P原子发射的观测结果构建的第一张二维紫外图。背景彗发和早期的准直射流的观察比较被用来描述可能的变化,近核彗发和等离子体。为了验证映射方法,并将爱丽丝的意见在上下文中,来自MIRO和VIRTIS-H仪器的图像进行比较。我们提出的光谱和地图显示增加的解离电子碰撞发射和\ce{O2} / \ce{H2O}比为$\sim$ 0.3的活动,这些特征已被确定与彗星爆发中看到的爱丽丝数据。此外,活动增加后的紫外线图显示了近核彗发经历的空间范围和发射变化,为未来对缺乏相同空间分辨率的彗星的紫外线观测提供了信息。

英文摘要:

The Alice ultraviolet spectrograph on board the \textit{Rosetta} orbiter provided the first near-nucleus ultraviolet observations of a cometary coma from arrival at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014 August through 2016 September. The characterization of atomic and molecular emissions in the coma revealed the unexpected contribution of dissociative electron impact emission at large heliocentric distances and during some outbursts. This mechanism also proved useful for compositional analysis, and Alice observed many cases that suggested elevated levels of the supervolatile \ce{O2}, identifiable in part to their emissions resulting from dissociative electron impact. In this paper we present the first two-dimensional UV maps constructed from Alice observations of atomic emission from 67P during an increase in cometary activity on 2015 November 7-8. Comparisons to observations of background coma and of an earlier collimated jet are used to describe possible changes to the near-nucleus coma and plasma. To verify the mapping method and place the Alice observations in context, comparisons to images derived from the MIRO and VIRTIS-H instruments are made. The spectra and maps we present show an increase in dissociative electron impact emission and an \ce{O2}/\ce{H2O} ratio of $\sim$0.3 for the activity; these characteristics have been previously identified with cometary outbursts seen in Alice data. Further, UV maps following the increases in activity show the spatial extent and emission variation experienced by the near-nucleus coma, informing future UV observations of comets that lack the same spatial resolution.

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