用于相对论光帆热调节的多尺度光子发射率工程
Multi-scale photonic emissivity engineering for relativistic lightsail thermal regulation
摘要：
突破性的Starshot计划旨在使用激光加速光帆以相对论速度向Proxima Centuri B发送一个克级探测器。热管理是一个关键的光帆设计目标，因为强烈的激光功率所需的，但一般被认为是次要的加速性能。在这里，我们展示了纳米光子光子晶体板状反射器组成的2H相二硫化钼和结晶氮化硅，突出的热带消光系数和光帆的最高温度之间的反比关系，并检查之间的权衡加速距离和设置现实的帆热极限，最终实现了热耐受的最小加速距离为16.3 Gm。我们还展示了具有热波长尺度米氏共振几何形状的多尺度光子结构，并表征了其宽带米氏共振驱动的发射率增强和加速距离减小。我们的研究结果突出了在超轻纳米光子结构中在宽波长范围内同时控制光学和热响应的新可能性。
英文摘要：
The Breakthrough Starshot Initiative aims to send a gram-scale probe to Proxima Centuri B using a laser-accelerated lightsail traveling at relativistic speeds. Thermal management is a key lightsail design objective because of the intense laser powers required but has generally been considered secondary to accelerative performance. Here, we demonstrate nanophotonic photonic crystal slab reflectors composed of 2H-phase molybdenum disulfide and crystalline silicon nitride, highlight the inverse relationship between the thermal band extinction coefficient and the lightsail's maximum temperature, and examine the trade-off between the acceleration distance and setting realistic sail thermal limits, ultimately realizing a thermally endurable acceleration minimum distance of 16.3~Gm. We additionally demonstrate multi-scale photonic structures featuring thermal-wavelength-scale Mie resonant geometries, and characterize their broadband Mie resonance-driven emissivity enhancement and acceleration distance reduction. Our results highlight new possibilities in simultaneously controlling optical and thermal response over broad wavelength ranges in ultralight nanophotonic structures.
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