看着坟墓的摇篮：J22564-5910，一个年轻的合并后的热亚矮星？
Looking into the cradle of the grave: J22564-5910, a young post-merger hot subdwarf?
摘要：
我们提出了J22564-5910的发现，这是一种新型的热亚矮星（sdB），它显示了系统中存在气体的证据，并且具有浅的，多峰的氢和氦线，其形状随时间而变化。所有的观测证据都表明J22564-5910在合并阶段形成后不久就被观测到了。我们使用高分辨率，高信噪比的光谱学，结合多波段测光，盖亚天体测量和TESS光变曲线，旨在解释这些不寻常的光谱特征。测光，光谱和光变曲线都进行了分析，并结合他们的结果，以支持我们的解释的意见：可能存在的磁场结合气体功能周围的sdB。根据H线的三峰，估算了磁场强度，并用shellspec程序拟合了气体组态的定性模型。所有的观测结果都可以用~650 kG的磁场来解释，这使得离心磁层的形成成为可能，或者用被星周气体盘/环所包围的非磁性热亚矮星来解释。这两种情况并不相互排斥，都可以用最近的合并来解释。J22564-5910是该类型的第一个对象。这是一个快速旋转的sdB，系统中仍存在气体。这是第一个在合并事件发生后早期观察到的合并后明星，因此是非常有价值的系统来测试合并理论。如果这个磁场能够被证实，它不仅是第一个磁sdB，而且它拥有在前白矮星物体中发现的最强磁场。因此，它可能代表了长期寻找的强磁性WD的直接祖先。
英文摘要：
We present the discovery of J22564-5910, a new type of hot subdwarf (sdB) which shows evidence of gas present in the system and has shallow, multi-peaked hydrogen and helium lines which vary in shape over time. All observational evidence points towards J22564-5910 being observed very shortly after the merger phase that formed it. Using high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectroscopy, combined with multi-band photometry, Gaia astrometry, and TESS light curves, we aim to interpret these unusual spectral features. The photometry, spectra and light curves are all analyzed, and their results are combined in order to support our interpretation of the observations: the likely presence of a magnetic field combined with gas features around the sdB. Based on the triple-peaked H lines, the magnetic field strength is estimated and, by using the shellspec code, qualitative models of gas configurations are fitted to the observations. All observations can either be explained by a magnetic field of ~650 kG which enables the formation of a centrifugal magnetosphere, or a non-magnetic hot subdwarf surrounded by a circumstellar gas disk/torus. Both scenarios are not mutually exclusive and both can be explained by a recent merger. J22564-5910 is the first object of its kind. It is a rapidly spinning sdB with gas still present in the system. It is the first post-merger star observed this early after the merger event, and as such is very valuable system to test merger theories. If the magnetic field can be confirmed, it is not only the first magnetic sdB, but it hosts the strongest magnetic field ever found in a pre-white dwarf object. Thus, it could represent the long-sought for immediate ancestor of strongly magnetic WDs.
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