带LLVM的ARINC 653 RTOS的动态分析
Dynamic Analysis of ARINC 653 RTOS with LLVM
摘要：
飞机嵌入式软件系统的现有标准强加了许多适用于现代飞机中的硬实时操作系统的软件开发周期的要求。所采取的措施是为了减少不良后果的风险，但成本差异很大。动态插装和静态分析是用于自动发现软件缺陷的常见实践，从严格不一致的代码构造到内存损坏或无效的控制流。LLVM分析器和消毒器基础设施虽然经常应用于通用软件，但最初并不被认为会被引入严格限制的环境。在本文中，我们讨论了机载系统的动态仪表方面的具体情况，并提供了实用的考虑因素，以考虑到通用仪器工具的有效使用。我们为JetOS带来了完整的LLVM堆栈支持，JetOS是一个有前景的机载实时操作系统，目前正在ISP RAS与GosNIIAS合作开发。作为一个例子，我们移植了AddressSanitizer、MemorySanitizer和UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer，并针对所有相关方面的警告提供了详细信息：消毒程序、编译器和操作系统。此外，我们建议不涉及优化和增强的运行时，以最大限度地提高工具的效果。
英文摘要：
Existing standards for airborne-embedded software systems impose a number of requirements applicable to the software development cycle of hard real-time operating systems found in modern aircraft. The measures taken are meant to reduce the risks of undesired consequences, but have strongly varying costs. Dynamic instrumentation and static analysis are common practices used to automatically find software defects, from strictly non-conforming code constructions to memory corruptions or invalid control flow. LLVM analyser and sanitizer infrastructure, while regularly applied to general-purpose software, originally was not thought to be introduced to heavily restricted environments. In this paper we discuss the specifics of airborne systems with regards to dynamic instrumentation and provide practical considerations to be taken into account for the effective use of general-purpose instrumentation tools. We bring a complete LLVM stack support to JetOS, a prospective onboard real-time operating system currently being developed at ISP RAS in collaboration with GosNIIAS. As an example, we port AddressSanitizer, MemorySanitizer, and UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer and provide the details against the caveats on all relevant sides: a sanitizer, a compiler, and an operating system. In addition we suggest uninvolved optimisations and enhancements to the runtimes to maximise the effects of the tools.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
