分子方法揭示了非本地鱼类寄生虫的弱亲缘聚集和高分散倾向
Molecular approaches reveal weak sibship aggregation and a high dispersal propensity in a non-native fish parasite
摘要：
推断寄生虫的聚集模式及其扩散倾向的相关参数对于预测其生态后果和进化潜力是重要的。尽管如此，鉴于追踪这些生物体的困难，从野生动物寄生虫中推断这些参数是非常困难的。基于分子的推断构成了一个有前途的方法，但很少被应用在wild. In，我们结合了几个群体遗传分析，包括sibship重建documentof的遗传结构，sibship聚集模式和分散动力学的非本地鱼类寄生虫，淡水桡足类外寄生Tracheliastesolycolpus。我们收集寄生虫根据分层抽样设计，所有寄生虫的所有主机individualscaptured沿上游下游河流梯度分布在8个站点的采样。利用14个微卫星标记获得了多位点基因型，并将其分配到全同胞家系中，同时研究了多颈锥虫在寄主和采样点之间的遗传结构。利用全同胞在各采样点的分布估计家系内的个体扩散距离。结果表明，T.多沟的同胞往往聚集在网站内，但不是在宿主个体。我们检测到重要的上游到下游的扩散事件的T. polycolpus站点之间（模态距离：25.4公里; 95% CI [22.9，27.7]），变得越来越罕见的地理距离从他们的家庭核心位置的增加。这种扩散模式可能有助于在河流尺度上观察到的强烈的隔离距离。我们还发现了一些可能由感染宿主移动引起的下游到上游的扩散事件（众数距离：2.6 km; 95%CI [2.2-23.3]）。在每个地点内，自由生活的感染性幼虫在宿主之间的扩散可能有助于增加宿主上的遗传多样性〈动〉性<动>，可能促进了T.多阴道
英文摘要：
Inferring parameters related to the aggregation pattern of parasites and to their dispersal propensity is important for predicting their ecological consequences and evolutionary potential. Nonetheless, it is notoriously difficult to infer these parameters from wildlife parasites given the difficulty in tracking these organisms. Molecular-based inferences constitute a promising approach that has yet rarely been applied in the wild.Here, we combinedseveral population genetic analyses including sibship reconstruction to documentthe genetic structure, patterns of sibship aggregation and the dispersal dynamics of a non-native parasite of fish, the freshwater copepod ectoparasiteTracheliastespolycolpus. We collected parasites according to a hierarchical sampling design,withthe sampling of all parasites from all host individualscapturedineight sites spread along an upstream-downstream river gradient. Individual multilocus genotypes were obtained from 14 microsatellite markers, and used to assign parasites to full-sib families and to investigate the genetic structure of T.polycolpus among both hosts and sampling sites. The distribution of full-sibs obtainedamong the sampling sites was used to estimate individual dispersal distances within families. Our results showed that T. polycolpus sibs tend to be aggregated within sites but not withinhost individuals. We detected important upstream-to-downstream dispersal events of T.polycolpusbetween sites (modal distance: 25.4 km; 95% CI [22.9, 27.7]), becoming scarcer as the geographic distance from their family core location increases. Such a dispersal pattern likely contributes to the strong isolation-by-distance observed at the river scale. We also detected some downstream-to-upstream dispersal events (modal distance: 2.6 km; 95% CI [2.2-23.3]) that likely result from movementsof infected hosts.Within each site, the dispersal of free-living infective larvae among hosts likely contributes to increasing genetic diversity on hosts, possibly fostering the evolutionary potential of T. polycolpus.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
