用$\textit{In-Situ}$ X射线显微计算机断层成像研究Zn-AgO水溶液电池的降解模式
Investigating Degradation Modes in Zn-AgO Aqueous Batteries with $\textit{In-Situ}$ X-ray Micro Computed Tomography
摘要：
为了满足日益增长的能源需求，必须更好地了解储能装置的退化机制。作为一种非破坏性工具，X射线计算机断层成像（CT）已越来越多地被电池界用于执行可研究动态现象的$\textit{in-situ}$实验。然而，很少有人使用X射线CT来研究长循环寿命（>100次循环）的代表性电池系统。在这里，我们报告了锌银电池的$\textit{in-situ}$ CT研究，并证明了集电器寄生析气对长期储存和循环的影响。我们设计了性能代表性的$\textit{in-situ}$ CT电池，其可以在$\mathrm{12.5\;mAh/cm^2}$的高面积容量下实现>250次循环。结合电化学实验，利用微尺度CT（MicroCT）揭示了集流体寄生析气的影响。ZnO和Zn耗尽的体积膨胀和演变用循环和升高的温度测试来量化。实验的见解，然后利用开发更大的形状因子$\mathrm{4\;cm^2}$电池与电化学兼容的集流体。由此，我们证明了对于$\mathrm{4\;cm^2}$形状因子，在$\mathrm{12.5\;mAh/cm^2}$的高容量下超过325次循环。这项工作表明，用于长循环寿命研究的$\textit{in-situ}$ X射线CT可用于检查多种其他电池化学物质，以提高其性能。
英文摘要：
To meet growing energy demands, degradation mechanisms of energy storage devices must be better understood. As a non-destructive tool, X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) has been increasingly used by the battery community to perform $\textit{in-situ}$ experiments that can investigate dynamic phenomena. However, few have used X-ray CT to study representative battery systems over long cycle lifetimes (>100 cycles). Here, we report the $\textit{in-situ}$ CT study of Zn-Ag batteries and demonstrate the effects of current collector parasitic gassing over long-term storage and cycling. We design performance representative $\textit{in-situ}$ CT cells that can achieve >250 cycles at a high areal capacity of $\mathrm{12.5\;mAh/cm^2}$. Combined with electrochemical experiments, the effects of current collector parasitic gassing are revealed with micro-scale CT (MicroCT). The volume expansion and evolution of ZnO and Zn depletion is quantified with cycling and elevated temperature testing. The experimental insights are then utilized to develop larger form-factor $\mathrm{4\;cm^2}$ cells with electrochemically compatible current collectors. With this, we demonstrate over 325 cycles at a high capacity of $\mathrm{12.5\;mAh/cm^2}$ for a $\mathrm{4\;cm^2}$ form-factor. This work demonstrates that $\textit{in-situ}$ X-ray CT used in long cycle-lifetime studies can be applied to examine a multitude of other battery chemistries to improve their performances.
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