HTS电动式磁通泵对线圈充电过程的模拟
Modeling the charging process of a coil by an HTS dynamo-type flux pump
摘要：
高- $T_c$超导（HTS）发电机利用HTS带的非线性电阻率来在经受变化的磁场时产生DC电压。这导致了所谓的磁通泵现象，并且使得能够将DC电流注入到连接到发电机的超导线圈中，而无需电流引线。在这项工作中，由高温超导发电机的线圈充电的过程中，详细检查使用两个数值模型：最小电磁熵产生和隔离的$\textbf{H}$制定有限元模型。数值计算结果进行了比较与各种气隙和频率的分析方法。首先计算了模型化高温超导发电机的I-V曲线，得到了开路电压、短路电流和内阻。然后，研究了该发电机对线圈充电的过程，包括充电电流曲线及其动态特性。这两种模型得到的结果显示出良好的定量和定性的协议，彼此和分析方法。虽然可以从磁通泵的I-V曲线获得线圈的一般充电过程，但是只能通过所提出的模型来捕获发电机旋转周期内的电流纹波，该电流纹波可以引起HTS发电机中的纹波交流损耗。
英文摘要：
The high-$T_c$ superconducting (HTS) dynamo exploits the nonlinear resistivity of an HTS tape to generate a DC voltage when subjected to a varying magnetic field. This leads to the so-called flux pumping phenomenon and enables the injection of DC current into a superconducting coil connected to the dynamo without current leads. In this work, the process of charging a coil by an HTS dynamo is examined in detail using two numerical models: the Minimum Electromagnetic Entropy Production and the segregated $\textbf{H}$-formulation finite element model. The numerical results are compared with an analytical method for various airgaps and frequencies. Firstly, the I-V curves of the modeled HTS dynamo are calculated to obtain the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and internal resistance. Afterward, the process of charging a coil by the dynamo including the charging current curve and its dynamic behavior are investigated. The results obtained by the two models show excellent quantitative and qualitative agreement with each other and with the analytical method. Although the general charging process of the coil can be obtained from the I-V curve of the flux pump, the current ripples within a cycle of dynamo rotation, which can cause ripple AC loss in the HTS dynamo, can only be captured via the presented models.
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