平面超材料硅基微透镜的设计与实验研究
Design and experimental investigation of a planar metamaterial Silicon based lenslet
摘要：
下一代的地面宇宙微波背景实验将需要偏振敏感的，多色像素的大焦平面，包括几千个探测器在光子噪声限制。实现这一目标的一种方法是将来自望远镜的光耦合到连接到超导双工器网络的偏振敏感天线结构，其中所需的频带在被馈送到单个超灵敏检测器（例如过渡边缘传感器）之前被过滤。传统上，由喇叭天线、平面相控天线或抗反射涂层微透镜构成的阵列被放置在平面天线结构的前面，以实现有效耦合到望远镜光学器件所需的增益。本文介绍了一种相位工程超材料平板微透镜的设计概念和初步的性能测试分析。平面透镜设计固有地与自由空间相匹配，避免了抗反射涂层的必要性。它可以光刻制造，使缩放到大格式阵列相对简单。此外，该技术与生产大尺寸集总元件动态电感检测器阵列所需的制造工艺兼容，该检测器阵列已经证明了所需的灵敏度以及1000级检测器/通道的复用比。
英文摘要：
The next generations of ground-based cosmic microwave background experiments will require polarisation sensitive, multichroic pixels of large focal planes comprising several thousand detectors operating at the photon noise limit. One approach to achieve this goal is to couple light from the telescope to a polarisation sensitive antenna structure connected to a superconducting diplexer network where the desired frequency bands are filtered before being fed to individual ultra-sensitive detectors such as Transition Edge Sensors. Traditionally, arrays constituted of horn antennas, planar phased antennas or anti-reflection coated micro-lenses have been placed in front of planar antenna structures to achieve the gain required to couple efficiently to the telescope optics. In this paper are presented the design concept and a preliminary analysis of the measured performances of a phase-engineered metamaterial flat-lenslet. The flat lens design is inherently matched to free space, avoiding the necessity of an anti-reflection coating layer. It can be fabricated lithographically, making scaling to large format arrays relatively simple. Furthermore, this technology is compatible with the fabrication process required for the production of large-format lumped element kinetic inductance detector arrays which have already demonstrated the required sensitivity along with multiplexing ratios of order 1000 detectors/channel.
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