牛顿的\textit{Principia}在东印度公司的神盾下被翻译成阿拉伯语：谣言变成神话？
Translation of Newton's \textit{Principia} into Arabic Under the Aegis of the East India Company: A Rumour Turning into a Myth?
摘要：
Tafazzul Husain Khan（1727？1800？），他的职业生涯始于阿瓦德的宫廷，在他生命的最后二十年里，他是东印度公司值得信赖的盟友。他与其他宫廷官员的区别并不在于他的博学、政治敏锐和谈判能力，而在于他最喜欢的消遣：钻研数学和天文学。与该公司的人员，其中一些人熟悉东方语言和/或当代科学进步，为他提供了机会，以刷他的数学知识，并诱导他着手-并根据一些，实现-的任务翻译一些重要的数学论文，其中牛顿的\textit{Principia}。根据坎贝尔的讣告（1804年出版）的作者，“他把《原理》从原来的拉丁文翻译成阿拉伯文”。坎贝尔收集的证据进行了审查，发现不足以证明这一令人震惊和经常重复的说法。在塔法祖尔撰写的三篇短文中（都是在他死后以节略版出版的），没有一篇可以说是牛顿的\textit{Principia}的译本。在一些切实证据出现之前，任何关于他翻译《\textit{Principia}》和其他西方著作的言论都只能被定性为谣言，在这个过程中，回忆往往伴随着歪曲。
英文摘要：
Tafazzul Husain Khan (1727?--1800?), who began his career in the court of Awadh, spent the last two decades of his life as a trusted ally of the East India Company. What set him apart from other court officials was not so much his erudition, political acumen and negotiating prowess, as his favourite pastime: delving into mathematics and astronomy. Contact with the Company personnel, some of whom were conversant with oriental languages and/or contemporary scientific advances, provided him with the opportunity to brush up his mathematical knowledge, and induced him to embark upon -- and, according to some, bring to fruition -- the task of translating a few important mathematical treatises, among them Newton's \textit{Principia}. According to Campbell, the author of an obituary notice (published in 1804), "he translated the Principia from the original Latin, into Arabic". The evidence gathered by Campbell is examined, and found insufficient to warrant this astounding and oft-repeated claim. Of the three tracts authored by Tafazzul (all published posthumously in abridged versions), none can be described as a translation of Newton's \textit{Principia}. Until the emergence of some tangible evidence, any talk of his translations of the \textit{Principia} and other western treatises can only be characterised as rumour, a process in which recall is often accompanied by distortion.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
