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arXiv 2104.13282physics.soc-phcs.SI
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对比人类流动中可预测性的社会和非社会来源

Contrasting social and non-social sources of predictability in human mobility

Zexun Chen, Sean Kelty, Brooke Foucault Welles, James P. Bagrow, Ronaldo Menezes, Gourab Ghoshal

摘要:

社会结构影响着包括流动模式在内的各种人类行为,但一个人的运动在多大程度上可以预测另一个人的运动仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。此外,关于个人流动性的潜在信息可以存在于社会和非社会关系的流动模式中,这是一个尚未解决的区别。在这里,我们开发了一个“托管”网络,以区分的流动性模式的自我的社会关系,从那些非社会colocators,个人没有社会连接到自我,但谁仍然在同一时间到达一个位置的自我。我们应用熵和可预测性措施来分析和约束个人的流动模式的预测信息,以及这些信息从他们的顶级社会关系和非社会共定位器的流动。虽然社会关系一般提供更多的信息比非社会colocators,我们发现,显着的信息是存在于非社会colocators的聚合:3-7 colocators可以提供尽可能多的预测信息的顶级社会关系,colocators可以取代高达85%的预测信息的自我,相比之下,社会关系,可以取代高达94%的自我的可预测性。非社交共定位器中预测信息的存在引发了隐私问题:鉴于智能手机的实时移动轨迹越来越可用,共享数据的个人可能不仅提供关于他们自己的移动的可操作信息,而且还提供关于数据缺失的其他人的移动的可操作信息,包括已知和未知的个人。

英文摘要:

Social structures influence a variety of human behaviors including mobility patterns, but the extent to which one individual's movements can predict another's remains an open question. Further, latent information about an individual's mobility can be present in the mobility patterns of both social and non-social ties, a distinction that has not yet been addressed. Here we develop a "colocation" network to distinguish the mobility patterns of an ego's social ties from those of non-social colocators, individuals not socially connected to the ego but who nevertheless arrive at a location at the same time as the ego. We apply entropy and predictability measures to analyse and bound the predictive information of an individual's mobility pattern and the flow of that information from their top social ties and from their non-social colocators. While social ties generically provide more information than non-social colocators, we find that significant information is present in the aggregation of non-social colocators: 3-7 colocators can provide as much predictive information as the top social tie, and colocators can replace up to 85% of the predictive information about an ego, compared with social ties that can replace up to 94% of the ego's predictability. The presence of predictive information among non-social colocators raises privacy concerns: given the increasing availability of real-time mobility traces from smartphones, individuals sharing data may be providing actionable information not just about their own movements but the movements of others whose data are absent, both known and unknown individuals.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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