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arXiv 2104.11244cs.CVastro-ph.IM
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等变小波:快速旋转和平移不变小波散射变换

Equivariant Wavelets: Fast Rotation and Translation Invariant Wavelet Scattering Transforms

Harvard University(哈佛大学);Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics(哈佛-史密森天体物理中心)

Andrew K. Saydjari, Douglas P. Finkbeiner

摘要:

小波散射网络是一种具有固定滤波器和权值的卷积神经网络,是一种很有前途的图像分析工具。对图像统计施加对称性可以提高人类的可解释性,有助于概括,并提供降维。在这项工作中,我们介绍了一个快速计算,几何不变和旋转等变小波散射网络(EqWS)和滤波器银行的小波(triglets)。我们证明了可解释性和量化的不变性/等变性的系数,简要评论与实施规模等变性的困难。在MNIST上,我们证明了在系数的旋转不变减少上进行训练在推广到测试数据时保持旋转不变性,并可视化剩余对称破缺项。利用旋转等方差来估计数字的旋转角度,并从单个角度重建每个系数的完整旋转依赖性。我们在EMNIST和CIFAR-10/100上用线性分类器对EqWS进行基准测试,为彩色图像引入了一个新的二阶跨颜色通道耦合。我们得出结论,通过比较各向同性减少的散射系数和RWST,以前的系数减少,各向同性分类的磁流体动力学模拟与天体物理学的相关性的性能。

英文摘要:

Wavelet scattering networks, which are convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with fixed filters and weights, are promising tools for image analysis. Imposing symmetry on image statistics can improve human interpretability, aid in generalization, and provide dimension reduction. In this work, we introduce a fast-to-compute, translationally invariant and rotationally equivariant wavelet scattering network (EqWS) and filter bank of wavelets (triglets). We demonstrate the interpretability and quantify the invariance/equivariance of the coefficients, briefly commenting on difficulties with implementing scale equivariance. On MNIST, we show that training on a rotationally invariant reduction of the coefficients maintains rotational invariance when generalized to test data and visualize residual symmetry breaking terms. Rotation equivariance is leveraged to estimate the rotation angle of digits and reconstruct the full rotation dependence of each coefficient from a single angle. We benchmark EqWS with linear classifiers on EMNIST and CIFAR-10/100, introducing a new second-order, cross-color channel coupling for the color images. We conclude by comparing the performance of an isotropic reduction of the scattering coefficients and RWST, a previous coefficient reduction, on an isotropic classification of magnetohydrodynamic simulations with astrophysical relevance.

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